Chapter 1.3 Physical and Chemical Changes and Properties Chemistry Objectives S4:1&2 and S5

Essential Questions What are the different states of matter? How can you tell if something is a intensive or extensive property? How can you tell if something is a physical or chemical property? How can you tell if something is a chemical or physical change? What are the 4 indications of a chemical change?

Matter Matter is anything that has mass and volume Matter generally has 3 states or phases: Solid: Has both definite shape and volume Liquid: Has a definite volume but no definite shape Gas: Has no definite shape or volume

Particle Arrangements Gas particles have no regular arrangement and move/vibrate freely Liquid particles are close together with no regular arrangement and can vibrate and slide past each other Solid particles are tightly packed (usually in a regular pattern) and vibrate only. Gases, Liquids, and Solids

Density Different states have different densities. For most substances, its density will increase as you go from gas to liquid to solid.

Changes of state By heating or cooling matter, we see changes in state Evaporating/Condensing- between liquids and gases Melting/freezing-between liquids and solids Sublimation-from a solid to a gas

Properties A property is a trait and all properties are either intensive or extensive An extensive property depends on the amount of matter in a sample. Mass and volume An intensive property depends only on the type of matter and not on the amount of matter. Hardness and density

Properties of Matter PHYSICAL PROPERTY- observed w/o altering the substances identity Examples of physical properties are: Color Density Texture Melting point and boiling point

Properties of Matter CHEMICAL PROPERTY- only observed when substance changes identity Some examples are: Reactivity Combustibility Rusting

Changes in Matter PHYSICAL CHANGE- does not alter the identity of a substance State changes, changes in amount or size CHEMICAL CHANGE-alter the identity of a substance The substance becomes a chemically different substance a.k.a. a CHEMICAL REACTION

Four indications of a chemical change reaction a transfer of energy (light and heat) An unexpected color change the production of a gas the formation of a precipitate (solid).

Chemical Changes A magnet separates iron from sulfur. This is an example of a physical change. A mixture of iron filings and sulfur can be changed. a) A magnet separates the iron from the sulfur. b) Heat combines iron and sulfur in a compound. Classifying Which change is a chemical change? Explain.

Chemical Changes A mixture of iron and sulfur is heated. The iron and sulfur react and form iron sulfide. This is an example of a chemical change. A mixture of iron filings and sulfur can be changed. a) A magnet separates the iron from the sulfur. b) Heat combines iron and sulfur in a compound. Classifying Which change is a chemical change? Explain.

Essential Questions What are the different states of matter? How can you tell if something is a intensive or extensive property? How can you tell if something is a physical or chemical property? How can you tell if something is a chemical or physical change? What are the 4 indications of a chemical change?

1.3 Tracked Assignment P 42 #1-3, 7-8 P 55 #28-29, 31-32