9. Family

Family Concepts and Structures The most common functions are:  Procreation Socialization Regulation of Sexual Behavior Division of Labor Economic Provision for Members Affective and Emotional Needs Status-Giving Properties 

Some difficulties in defining family: Is it the family that shares the same household? Does it include parents and their children whether or not they live at the same house? Divorce and remarriage's) cause such fractions in the families structure and therefore which kind of families we talking about? What about many families who meet in occasions and used to be away for the rest of the year. Does it mean a group of blood relatives, extending to cousins, grandparents, uncles and ants, which include people with whom we have no contact at all?

A family is a group of people sharing a relationship based on biology, marriage or adoption and who fulfill the functions listed above, and who usually live together. Marriage is a social union or legal contract between individuals. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged by a variety of ways, depending on the culture or demographic. Marriage is a usually Islamic, legal and socially recognized union between two individuals. Kinship is the social relationship created by blood, marriage, or adoption.

Forms of the family 1. A family of orientation. 2 Forms of the family 1. A family of orientation. 2. A family of procreation. a. Nuclear family. b. Extended family. - Classic extended (Horizontally extended, Virtually Extended) - The modified extended family. c. The lone-parent family d. The reconstructed family

Main characteristics of family Universality Emotional basis Limited size Formative influence Nuclear position in the social structure Responsibility of the members Social regulation

Types of family Types of family can be regarded according to patterns of marriage, patterns of inheritance, patterns of residence, and patterns of authority.

1. Patterns of mate selection: who can marry whom 1. Patterns of mate selection: who can marry whom? There are two main patterns of mate selection: a. Mates are selected from within one’s social group (such as caste, tribe, race, or religion). This pattern is called arranged marriages which are marriages agreed upon by outside parties. b. Mates are selected outside of one’s social group.

2. Patterns of mate number: how many spouses 2. Patterns of mate number: how many spouses? There are three main patterns of the number of the mates: • Monogamy: only one spouse. • Serial monogamy: several spouses over a lifetime • Polygamy: more than one spouse; polygamy comes in two forms - Polygyny: one husband, several wives, the most common. - Polyandry: one wife, several husbands.

Patterns of inheritance There are three main patterns of inheritance in the family: 1. The inheritance of title, property, and position as family head is passed through the mail side of the family (Patrilinial). 2. The inheritance of title, property, and position as family head is passed through the female side of the family (Matrilineal). 3. The inheritance of property of dead person is passed through the mail and males according to Islamic Shareea’a.

Patterns of residence: The married couple lives with or near the husband’s family. The married couple lives with or near the wife’s family. The couples tend to live indecently.

Patterns of authority Three patterns describe authority in the family: 1. The dominance of men over women. 2. Power, authority and decision making are in hands of the female. 3. Equal authority could be found in some families.

Broken Homes There are many reasons behind broken homes: Divorce, is the legal termination of a marriage, Empty shell, where the marital relationship between the two partner has broken down but no divorce has taken place. Separation, through choice like working abroad, or through necessity like impresonment. Death of a partner.

Divorce Divorce refers to the final termination and cancellation of a marital union, its legal duties and responsibilities, and the bonds of matrimony between the parties.

Causes of divorce are those factors that drive an individual or couple to decide to permanently end a marital union. In most cases, the causes of divorce are complex and are specific to a couple's relationship, their troubles, and their own life experiences.

Common reasons for divorce: 1. Couple has conflicting personal beliefs Common reasons for divorce: 1. Couple has conflicting personal beliefs. 2. Couple’s marital satisfaction decreases. 3. Abandonment. 4. Adultery. 5. Cruel treatment. 6. Bigamy. 7. Imprisonment. 8. Spousal Indignities. 9. Institutionalization. 10. Irretrievable Breakdown of some kind

The Impact of Divorce on Families Some effects of divorce can be positive. Other effects of divorce can be detrimental to a person's well-being. Moreover, the effects of divorce differ by situation and personal circumstance and may be different for men and women. Direct correlation between the city's divorce rate and the incidents of robbery Major disruptions Lots of feelings

Divorce affects children as follows: 1. Fear. 2. Fear of abandonment. 3. Confusion. 4. Sadness. 5. Worry. 6. Feeling rejected. 7. Loneliness. 8. Divided loyalties. 9. Anger.