1. Understanding Social Institution Family, Marriage, Kinship
Chapter iii
Plus One Sociology
Understanding Social Institution
Family, Marriage, Kinship
Prepared by: yaseer PK
(Hsst. Sociology),
WOVHSS Muttil, Wayanad

2. What is institution?

3. Something that works according to rules or customs.
Institution
Something that works according to rules or customs.
It control on individuals
It gives individual opportunities
A social institution is a complex, integrated set of social norms, beliefs, values and relationships (functionalist view).
It satisfy human needs

4. The important social institutions are : Family, Marriage and Kinship
Politics
Economics;
Religion; and
Education.
family, marriage and kinship (informal)
law, education, etc. (formal)

5. Family, marriage and kinship
Family is the basic unit of the society
Simplest form of society
Latin origin: ‘famulus’ and ‘familia’ –means servant and household.
In ancient times, the family is a group of producers, slaves, servants and members by common descent or marriage.
In modern times, the family is a durable association of husband and wife, with or without children. It is a group of persons united by marriage, blood or adoption.

6. the first function is to procreate and maintain the species.
Functions of family
the first function is to procreate and maintain the species.
Affectional
Economic functions
Recreational functions
Protective functions
Religious functions and
Educational functions.
Socialization

7. Human society cannot function without family.
A child learns the norms and culture in the family
Sociologist consider the family as the cornerstone of the society.
It is universal, found in all communities.
It is based on emotion and sentiments .
It moulds the character of its members and influences the whole life of society.
It is permanent

8. According to the functionalists:
The family performs important tasks, which contribute to society’s basic needs and helps maintain social order.
They argues that modern industrial societies function best if women look after the family and men earn the family livelihood.
The nuclear family the best equipped unit to meet the demands of industrialised society.

9. Watch the video

10. Female headed households
Discussion
Female headed households
households
Migration
widows
abroad

11. Variation in family form
Modern societies there is a shift from nuclear families to joint families . (A.M. Shah)

12. Matriarchal family and Patriarchal family
Rule of residence
Authority and dominance
Inheritance
Family of orientation ( family of birth) and family of procreation (the family in which person is married)

13. Family and Gender

14. The incidence of female foeticide has led to a sudden decline in the sex ratio.
The percentage of decline in the child sex ratio is more alarming. The situation of prosperous states like Punjab, Haryana, Maharashtra and western Utter Pradesh is all the more grave.
In Punjab the child sex ratio has declined to 793 girls per 1,000 boys. In some of the districts of Punjab and Haryana it has fallen below 700.

15. Types of Family Polygamous family Monogamous family Matriarchal family
Patriarchal family

16. Matriarchal Family/ Matrifocal Family:
Matrilocal family:
is a term referring to the societal system in which a married couple resides with or near the wife's parents.
Matriarchal Family/ Matrifocal Family:
refers to the mother or oldest female heads the family. Descent and relationship are determined through the female line. 
Patriarchal Family/ Patrifocal Family:
refers to males hold primary power, in the domain of the family, fathers or father-figures hold authority over women and children.
Nuclear family:  
consists of husband and wife and their children.
Extended family:  
ncludes grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins.

17. marriage Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock,
It is a socially or ritually recognized union or
legal contract between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between them
It is the socially sanctioned sex relationship involving two or more people of the opposite sex.
Men and women get social sanction to live together through the institution of the marriage.
To control and regulate sex life of people
It is universal

18. According to Mazumdar:-
“Marriage as a socially sanctioned union of male and female”.
Purpose of marriage
Establishing household
Entering in to sex relations
Procreation
Providing care for the offspring

19. Forms of marriage www.yaseerhsst.blogspot.com Marriage Monogamy
Polygamy
Polygyny
Polyandry
Endogamy
Exogamy
Arranged Marriage

20. Polygyny
Monogamy
Polyandry

21. Forms of Marriage Monogamy One person marries one women
Most common form of marriage
Polygamy
One person marries more than one person of opposite sex at one time.
Man can marries more than one women and Women can marries more than one men.
Polygyny
Polyandry
One Men marries more than one Women
Eg: Muslims, Hindu religions
One women marries more than one men.
Eg: Tibetans, Todas, Kotas tribes in India.

22. 8 Forms of Marriage in Hindu Religion Brahma Marriage Daiva Marriage
Arsha Marriage
Prajapatya Marriage
Gandharva Marriage
Asura Marriage
Rakshasa Marriage

23. Serial Monogamy
Individual can marry again on the death of first spouse or after divorce at the same time they cannot have more than one spouse.

26. Arranged marriage
In some societies parents or relatives arrange partners and the girl and boy has no choice.

27. Rules of Endogamy and Exogamy
Life partners can be selected only from within their group.
Marrying a person from within one’s own group
(cast, class, religion, tribe, village etc.)
Exogamy
Some one marries from outside the group
Marriage form within group is not allowed
Marriage between close blood-relation is not permitted.
Exogamy brings people of different castes, races and religion together.

28. Discussion based on News paper ads. Is endogamy Still prevalent?
What changes in society do the ads reflect?

29. kinship
It  is relatedness or connection by blood or marriage or adoption. 
“the bond of blood or marriage which binds people together in group”
Kinship bonds are very strong in tribal societies and rural communities.

30. Types of Kinship Affinal Kinship Consanguineous Kinship
Kinship by Marriage
When a man marries, he establishes a relationship not only with the women he marries but also with a number of other people in her family. Vise versa.
Eg: Husband and Wife
Father- in- law
Mother- in- law
Daughter- in- law
Son –in-law
2. Consanguineous Kinship
Relation by blood or common ancestry.
The bond between parents and their children

31. E-mail: just4yaseer@gmail.com
The end…. Thanks
Prepared by: yaseer PK
(Hsst. Sociology),
WOVHSS Muttil, Wayanad