The Cell

Prokaryotic v. Eukaryotic Cells Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Section 7-1 Cell membrane Cytoplasm Prokaryotic Cell Nucleus Eukaryotic Cell Organelles

Plant Cell Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Plant Cell Section 7-2 Nuclear envelope Ribosome (attached) (free) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus Rough endoplasmic reticulum Nucleolus Golgi apparatus Mitochondrion Cell wall Cell Membrane Chloroplast Vacuole Plant Cell

Animal Cell a Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells c d b a e k f g j i h Section 7-2 Centrioles Nucleolus Nucleus Nuclear envelope Rough endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Smooth Mitochondrion Cell Membrane Ribosome (free) (attached) c d b a e k f a g j i h Animal Cell

Venn Diagrams Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Animal Cells Plant Cells Section 7-2 Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Vacuoles Mitochondria Cytoskeleton Cell membrane Contain DNA Animal Cells Plant Cells Cell membrane Ribosomes Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Vacuoles Mitochondria Cytoskeleton Cell Wall Chloroplasts Centrioles

Figure 7-11 Cytoskeleton Cell membrane Endoplasmic reticulum Section 7-2 Cell membrane Endoplasmic reticulum Microtubule Microfilament Ribosomes Mitochondrion

Divison of Labor A cell is made up of many parts with different functions that work together. Similarly, the parts of a factory or a machine work together to carry out different functions and come up with a product. Answer the following questions. 1. What are some of the different parts of a computer? What are the functions of these computer parts? 2. How do the functions of these computer parts correspond to the functions of certain cell parts?

Cell Membrane Guard station— lets somethings in Keeps some things out

Cell Wall (plants only) Wall outside the factory guard gate Protection and strength

mitochondria Generator Creates energy for the factory

Golgi Apparatus Packaging, processing Puts wrapper on the candy bar

Nucleus CEO, central office Directs the factory Contains the recipe

Nucleolus Machine makers Place where the assembling machines (ribosomes) are made

Ribosomes Assembling machines Assembles the candy bars, takes them to packaging (golgi)

Endoplasmic reticulum Inner-factory transport Conveyor belt, transports candybars (proteins)

Lysosome Sanitation crew Destroys garbage Cleans out foreign debris

Vacuole Warehouse storage- Contains all of the surplus materials

Chloroplast (plants only) Solar panels on the factory Converts sunlight to usable energy for the factory

ANSWERS TO INTRO CELL QUESTIONS Attached to microscope lab

Cell Structures and Functions 1. The CELL is the fundamental building block of the body.

How are certain cells in your stomach specialized?

The _______ is the control center of the cell. Nucleus

How many chromosomes in each human cell? 46 (23 pairs) You get 23 from mom and 23 from dad

What is the function of chromosomes? Chromosomes are composed of DNA which directs the cell’s activities. They are the instructions for the building of all of your body’s proteins.

Where are proteins assembled? Ribosomes (attached or free)

Where is RNA manufactured? nucleolus

What structure transports proteins? Endoplasmic reticulum

What is the function of the Golgi body? To package proteins in a molecular coat so they can be sent out of the cell.

Lysosomes contain chemical substances called________. Enzymes The enzymes breakdown proteins into amino acids.

Ribosomes use the amino acids to build new Proteins

_______ are storage sacs. Vacuoles Incoming nutrients are stored in vacuoles before they are broken down by LYSOSOMES.

Clinical autopsy – gross analysis to cellular analysis http://pathhsw5m54.ucsf.edu/case24/case24.html

To assemble proteins and perform many other functions the cell uses______. ENERGY – (ATP)

Mitochondria produce ENERGY in the form that the CELL can use.

Importance of cell membrane

Selectively permeable Phospholipid bilayer – allows oxygen, carbon dioxide and water to pass freely