An Era of Reform Chapter 18 Pgs.245 - 255

18.1 Introduction Sojourner Truth helped woman gain equal rights like men

18.2 Planting the Seeds of Reform The Second Great Awakening: People gathered in tents to hear about God People started to live better lives Still did not help the poor Optimistic Ideas: Henry David Thoreau told people to follow their hearts and do better The election of Andrew Jackson showed people that anyone could get far in life

18.3 Reforming the Treatment of Prisoners and the Mentally Ill Observing Horrors: Dorothea Dix started ministering in jails She found that jails mistreated prisoners Many prisoners were there for debts of less than 20 dollars and could not get out because they could not earn money in prison

Plight of the Mentally Ill They locked mentally Ill patients in cells and whipped them when they misbehaved She said insanity should be treated as a disease not a crime She collected information on how they were being mistreated and presented it to the Massachusetts State Legislature.

Establishing Better Conditions Because of Dix’s report they built asylums and mental hospitals She helped change laws and showed that women could make changes in the world

18.4 Improving Education The Need for Public Schools: Puritans established public schools (paid for by taxes) Many children could not go to school that did crimes and were very bad Horace Mann fought for public schools and teachers pay and he got them with the support of the people

Improving Education Cont… An Unfinished Reform: Most states opened schools but mostly just for boys The South wouldn’t let African Americans go to school Prudence Crandall had an all African American school and was forced to close it Horace Mann opened Antioch College in Ohio for men and woman

Questions Who helped women gain equal rights like men? What helped people to live better lives? Which event showed people that anything is possible? Who helped fight for the rights of the mentally ill in prisons? What were built to help those who were mentally ill? Who fought for schools and teachers? Who were still not allowed to attend school?

18.5 Fighting Slavery Abolitionists wanted freedom for all People who favored abolition, the ending of slavery The Struggle Begins: The Slave trade ended but slavery did not The north did not have slaves but many accepted it as normal William Lloyd Garrison started a newspaper “the Liberator” that spoke bad about slavery Angry pro-slavery groups burned his house and destroyed his printing press

Fighting Slavery Cont… Fredrick Douglas Speaks Out: Fredrick Douglas an escaped slave spoke out about slavery and became a leader in the abolitionist movements He created a paper called the “North Star” that talked about equality for all Women Get Involved: The Grimke sisters spoke in public about ending slavery and started a path of women speakers in the U.S Sojourner, Douglas and Garrison teamed up to end slavery

Equal Rights for Women Women wanted to end slavery and let them vote, stop beatings, and let them own property even though they themselves could not do those things The Struggle Begins: Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton met in London and joined together to stop slavery and give women equal rights Unequal Treatment of Women: Women started to refuse to pay taxes because they had no representation Elizabeth Blackwell was the first female doctor but no hospital would hire her because she was a woman

18.7 The Seneca Falls Convention and the Declaration of Sentiments They came up with a declaration that stated that all men and woman were created equal and told of the tyranny that the country was doing to the women of America Debate about the Right to Vote: During the convention it was passed to have a resolution for women voting rights The Legacy of Seneca Falls: States started given women rights slowly but surely

Questions Who are abolitionists? What is the name of the newspaper William Lloyd Garrison started about slavery? Who was the leader of the abolitionist movement that created a paper called the “North Star?” Which 3 leaders teamed up to end slavery? What was the goal women wanted to achieve? What was the Declaration of Sentiments? What was the legacy of Seneca Falls?