Eastern Europe in the Last Half of the 19c

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Presentation transcript:

Eastern Europe in the Last Half of the 19c Nationalism was threatening the Austrian Empire since the onset of the Congress of Vienna - Liberalism and nationalism was ready to erupt once again.

Differing Nationalities in the Austrian Empire

Austrian Imperial Flag

Emperor Franz Josef I [r. 1848-1916]

The Compromise of 1867: The Dual Monarchy  Austria-Hungary The Hungarian Flag

Russian Imperial Flag

Nicholas I [r. 1825-1855] Autocracy! Orthodoxy! Nationalism!

Alexander II [r. 1855-1881] Defeat in the Crimean War. Emancipation of the Russian serfs [1861-1863].

Alexander III [r. 1881-1894] Reactionary. “Russification” program. Jews  forced migration to the Pale

Russian Expansion The Pale

Forced Migration of Russia’s Jews

The Ottoman Empire -- Late 19c “The Sick Man of Europe”