1. Nationalism in Europe
How does Nationalism both break up lead to the decline of European empires?
Russia
Ottoman
Empire
Austria-
Hungary

2. 1830: Louis-Philippe now King of the French
Rules for 18 years but French people are tired of a monarchy (again!) and violence erupts (again!)
Radicals create another constitution, which has president sharing power w/ the assembly. Monarchy abolished (again)
Radicals in France
1848: French people elect Louis-Napoleon (Napoleon’s nephew) as their president, 4 yrs later become Emperor
Emp. Napoleon III industrializes France and creates jobs
Involved in two wars, helps Italians defeat Austria but loses to Prussia

3. What is Nationalism? Culture – shared way of life
Nationalism says people should unite based on their language, nationality or culture
Pos –overthrow absolute rule
Neg –extreme nationalism leads to war
Culture – shared way of life
History -a common past
Nationality – shared ethnic ancestry
Language-shared communication
Nation
Territory – land belongs to group
Religion- shared by most

4. Language Fuels Nationalism DBQ & Map
Answer the following in comp. sentences
Name the four language families in Europe.
Where in Europe do you primarily find those families (North, South, East, West, Central)?
What family does English belong to?
Does Eastern or Western Europe have more languages? Name five languages in that area.
What part of Europe that is not yet a country could be unified by language? (Discuss two)

5. Nationalist Thought
Political thought in 1800s Europe:
1) Conservatives – no change, no voting, absolute monarchs rule (nobles, landowners)
2) Liberals – some change, educated vote, more power for Parliaments (middle class, merchants)
3) Radicals – drastic change, all people should vote, government should be full democracy (poor, workers)
Liberals & Radicals are Nationalists who think loyalty should be to a your nation, not a king (esp. foreign king)
1827, 1848: Nationalist Revolutions breakout in Europe

6. Nationalism Weakens Conservative Rule
1)Ottoman Empire ruled by Muslim Turks
Ottoman Turks controlled Greeks, Arabs, Armenians, & Slavic speaking Balkans
Revolutions in Greece (1827)& Balkans (1860s)
LOSS
1827
Britain, France, Russia help Greeks win. Ottomans forced to grant equal citizenship to all
2) Russian Empire ruled by the Romanovs
Czar Nicholas I begins Russification, which forced Russian culture/language on other ethnic groups in the Empire
Nationalist revolution starts in Poland in 1830, Nicholas I tries to further expand Empire in Crimean War (1853) & loses
Alexander II emancipates peasants but is assassinated, Alexander III strengthens absolutism – more nationalist revolts

7. 1848 1866 1866 3) Austrian Empire ruled by the Hapsburgs
The Austrians controlled twelve different ethnic groups
1848: Revolutions begin to breakout in the empire starting with the Czechs, Emperor Franz Joseph crushes Czech revolt
1866: Hungary attempts to split from Austria. Hungary is given equal status, the Empire becomes Austria-Hungary
1866: Tensions builds with Prussia over Austrian dominated North German states
Discuss: Why would Prussia be upset with Austria?
1848
1866
1866