Colonization Chapter 4 8-1.3 Summarize the history of English settlement in New England, the mid-Atlantic region, and the South, with an emphasis on South Carolina as an example of a distinctly southern colony.

Chapter 4 Settlement Timeline 1566 Spain attempts Ft San Felipe on the remains of Charles Fort’s 1576 Spain attempts Ft San Marcos on the remains Ft San Felipe’s 1607 Jamestown, VA is the First permanent English settlement in America 1619 Africans first arrive in America 1663 Carolina colony given to Lord Proprietors 1576 Spain attempts Ft San Marcos on Ft San Felipe’s remains 1619 Africans first arrive in America 1566 Spain attempts Ft San Felipe on Charles Fort’s remains 1663 Carolina colony given to Lord Proprietors 1607 Jamestown, VA 1st permanent settlement in Amercia

3 Distinct Regions in the Colonies (Colonial Regions) List the colonies in each

The 13 colonies Groups of people were quickly coming to America. Chapter 4 The 13 colonies Groups of people were quickly coming to America. Their reasons for coming varied fortune hunters to escape religious persecution Colonial America developed into 3 distinct regions: New England Colonies Middle Colonies Southern Colonies

Jamestown Charter, Plantation, Indentured Slaves

Settlement of America Jamestown - 1st English colony in America (1607) Chapter 4 Settlement of America Jamestown - 1st English colony in America (1607) ~ Virginia Company received a charter from King James I to establish settlements in America Charter – Official permission to operate something, such as a colony The settlers endured several years of starvation and the deaths of many until tobacco made the settlement sustainable ~ Learned to grow Tobacco from the Native Americans ~ Shipped tobacco to England ** Tobacco – 1st Cash Crop & backbone of VA economy Plantations – large farms Emerged because tobacco growth needed large plots of land Indentured Slaves(Servants) – People who agreed to work for a landowner (Plantations) for a number of years in exchange for passage to America

Jamestown More people = More land The Headright Method The London Company initiated the headright system that provided land to anyone who paid their own passage or the passage of others to the settlement. The Headright Method Settlers got land based on the number of people in the family, or household Slaves and indentured servants were included in the count More people = More land

Two results of the Headright System __________________a more reliable source of cheaper labor would replace the Headright System

The Headright Method The headright system promoted The establishment of large tobacco plantations Conflict over land with the natives as the settlers took more land for tobacco production By the end of the 1600s however, they had turned to a more reliable source of labor – African slaves.

The House of Burgesses was established so…

The House of Burgesses The London Company also established the House of Burgesses [1619] so that settlers would have a voice in the governance of the colony. Although not completely democratic, this assembly was in keeping with English political tradition since the Magna Carta. Jamestown grew into the colony of Virginia and established the pattern for the southern colonies.

Characteristics of the settlers New England Colonies Characteristics of the settlers

New England Colonies importance of family and freedom of religion. Chapter 4 Rhode Island Connecticut New Hampshire Massachusetts (which included modern day Maine) importance of family and freedom of religion. Settlers used to doing things themselves and not depending on others.

New England The New England Colonies were founded as _____________________________________. Pilgrims/Separatists Mayflower Compact

Chapter 4 New England 1620 – A group of Pilgrims (Separatists) were given a charter by VA Company to settle in North America settled “Plymouth” in Massachusetts The New England colonies were founded as a haven for religious groups persecuted in England. Pilgrims/Separatists/Puritans – Separated from the Church of England to follow beliefs of John Calvin (Puritans) Mayflower Compact – Document signed by all passengers/colonists establishing the American ideal of “government by consent” the idea that the people form the government

Subsistence Crops/Farms New England Subsistence Crops/Farms

New England Chapter 4 They struggled to survive as had the Jamestown settlers. With the help of a Native American, they learned to plant corn and sustained themselves but never prospered. Subsistence Crops – crops that provided just enough food to feed the farmer’s family A characteristic of most New England farms The Puritans invested in their own joint stock company and brought their charter with them to the New World

New England Theocracy – Government based on religious authority ~ Puritans They established a democratic form of government that included town meetings a general assembly

Chapter 4 Middle Colonies The Settlers

Middle Colonies English Puritans & Quakers New York Chapter 4 Middle Colonies New York Pennsylvania (which literally means Penn’s Woods) Delaware New Jersey English Puritans & Quakers

The Middle Colonies had the greatest diversity of people & religions. Chapter 4 Middle Colonies The Middle Colonies had the greatest diversity of people & religions.

Chapter 4 Middle Colonies King Charles II granted William Penn land in payment of a debt Founded for the purpose of profit

Southern Colonies People who settled here wanted to make money Chapter 4 Southern Colonies Maryland Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia People who settled here wanted to make money Plantations quickly developed The plantation system was very popular in the Southern Colonies.

Southern Colonies The main crops grown on plantations: Chapter 4 The main crops grown on plantations: Tobacco- mostly grown in North Carolina and Virginia Carolina Gold rice: which was South Carolina’s 1st cash crop Indigo- a plant that gives us the blue dye for blue jeans. Tobacco plant and drying barn Indigo plant & dye Carolina Gold

3 Types of English Colonies Governing Colonies Chapter 4 3 Types of English Colonies Royal Colony – Under the direction of the king (royalty) King appoints governor & council Most colonies in America became Royal Colonies in the end Proprietary Colony – An individual or group given ownership of land from the king Usually acted as the governor ~ appointed council & approved laws Charged settlers rent – Paid the king rent Self-governing Colony – No charter from king King did Not appoint governor or council Rhode Island