Cannon AP Human Geography Languages

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Cannon AP Human Geography Languages November 6 Cannon AP Human Geography Languages

What are the different kinds of diffusion? Define them! Bellwork 4: What are the different kinds of diffusion? Define them!

Agenda: Notes: Language Diffusion HW: Study

You will be able to describe the ways languages can diffuse. Objective: You will be able to describe the ways languages can diffuse.

Fun Fact: There are about 750 types of trees in North America and about 100,000 in the world. Many of those are endangered. Those numbers count both conifer (cone bearing) trees and deciduous trees.

I. Diffusion of Language

A. Origin of Indo-European Theorized that they stem from common ancestral language

2. Nomadic Warrior Hypothesis Kurgan Hypothesis Kurgan People (4000 BCE) in Kazakstan Nomadic herders 2500 BCE: they travel/conquer Europe and Asia Language spread via MILITARY

3. Sedentary Farmer Hypothesis Anatolian Hypothesis Farmers in Turkey 6,000 BCE Language spread with agricultural innovations west into Europe and east into Asia

Video: Origins of Indo-European

B. Other Examples of Language Diffusion Slavic Expansion across Siberia destroys Paleo-Asiatic language Agriculture allowed for population growth 600’s Slavic tribes (+others) attack Byzantine Empire

2. Sino-Tibetan spreads North and East 4000 BC Originally near rivers and Himalayan Plateau Diffuse along rivers Rivers used for trade Language used to make the trade.

3. Islam spreads Arabic From Arabian Peninsula Holy language of Islam and official language of Islamic empires 632 onward

Spread of Islam

4. Bantu migration spreads Swahili 500CE – migrate East for food Mutapa Empire (13th century) & Zulu Empire (18th century) use Bantu languages as lingua franca Lingua Franca: a language used by those with different native languages; trade language

Bantu Migration

5. Latin spread by Roman empire and Christianity Latin was the official language of Rome Catholic church taught in Latin & used it after Rome fell

Roman Empire

6. English, French, Dutch, Spanish spread by colonialism Always one of the official languages Official Language: language used by the government

Refusing to adopt an official language as an act of rebellion C. Blocks to Diffusion Refusing to adopt an official language as an act of rebellion Breton, Catalan, Basque Geographic blocks (AKA intervening obstacles) Mountains, oceans, deserts

Describe the ways languages can diffuse. Ticket Out the Door Describe the ways languages can diffuse. Identify two things that can halt the diffusion of a language. Explain the evolution of Indo-European languages.