Standard 10.2-1 GLE 26 Compare the major ideas of philosophers and their effect on the democratic revolutions in England, America & France.

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Standard 10.2-1 GLE 26 Compare the major ideas of philosophers and their effect on the democratic revolutions in England, America & France.

Thomas Hobbes The Social Contract Published: Leviathan 1651 Thought people were naturally wicked and evil (lived through the English Civil War). Thought people needed a strong ruler to maintain order. S/C People give up a little liberty (freedom) to a government that provides organization (law and order) Best type of government: Monarchy, King

John Locke Natural Rights Published: Two Treatise of Government 1690 Thought people had the ability to reason and make good choices ie. Be reasonable in society. Governments get power form the- Consent of the Governed Thought all people had- Natural Rights- life, liberty and property Governments are created to protect your Natural Rights If they fail to protect your Natural Rights people have the right overthrow

Baron de Montesquieu Separation of Powers Published The Spirit of the Laws 1748 Governments should have three branches: executive, legislative & judicial Each branch should have a check and balance on each other Thought this system would prevent any one group from gaining complete control

Jean-Jacques Rousseau Majority Rule Published The Social Contract 1762 Concept: The General Will- majority rule Majority should work for the common good Good view of human nature Best type of government: Democracy

Voltaire FREEDOM OF SPEECH French Enlightenment writer who champion the following Freedom of Religion Freedom of Speech Was exiled from France because of his political and religious views.

Political Philosophers

Thomas Jefferson Separation of Church and State Farmer (unsuccessful), Lawyer, Congressman, Governor, Ambassador, Secretary of State, V.P. and 3rd President, Major accomplishment-The Louisiana Purchase 1803. Wished to be remembered for: Declaration of Independence Religious Freedom University of Virginia

James Madison Father of the Constitution Jefferson’s friend and neighbor Wrote Constitution of Virginia 1776, Leader of Virginian Assembly to the Continental Congress., Member of Constitutional Convention- Father of the Constitution, Secretary of State, 4th President.

Matching Natural Rights of Man Social Contract Divided Government Separation of Church and State Majority Rule Father of Constitution Freedom of Speech Thomas Hobbes Montesquieu John Locke Thomas Jefferson Jean- Jacques Rousseau Voltaire James Madison

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