Chapter 17 European Renaissance and Reformation, 1300-1600 A.D. Section 3 Luther Starts the Reformation

Luther Starts the Reformation Objectives To analyze historical forces and religious issues that sparked the Reformation. To trace Martin Luther’s role in the religious movement to reform the Catholic Church. To analyze the impact of Luther’s religious revolt. To explain the spread of the Protestant faith to England during King Henry VIII’s reign. Vocabulary: indulgence, Reformation, Lutheran, Protestant, Peace of Augsburg, annul, Anglican

Luther Starts the Reformation Causes Renaissance ideas secular & individual printing press Rulers resistance to Pope corrupt practices worldly affairs Church tax resentment Church leaders reform calls 1300-1400s John Wycliffe (England) Jan Hus (Bohemia) 1500s (Christian humanists) Desiderius Erasmus Thomas More

Luther’s Challenge Martin Luther (1483-1546) Reformation German monk indulgences pardon for past sins 95 Thesis Reformation salvation through faith in God ‘good works’ not needed Bible as supreme authority Pope as false authority all could interpret the Bible priests not needed Founding of Christian churches

Response to Luther Pope Leo X Emperor Charles V Lutherans excommunication in 1520 Emperor Charles V Holy Roman Emperor Edict of Worms Luther outlaw and heretic crime to feed or shelter Lutherans followers of Luther Peasant Revolts (1524) religious, personal freedom Protestants German princes not loyal to pope 1547-1555 war Peace of Augsburg

Protestant England Henry VIII - (1491-1547) Henry’s wives King of England Henry’s wives Catherine of Aragon (1527) aunt of Charles V daughter Mary annul set aside Reformation Parliament (1529) Act of Supremecy (1534) King head of church seizes monasteries / land Anne Boleyn (1533) daughter Elizabeth beheaded in 1536 3rd wife son Edward

Henry VIII

Henry VIII’s Children Edward VI Mary I Elizabeth I 1st to rule; 1547-1553 Protestant control Mary I 1553-1558 Catholic rule; Pope as head Elizabeth I 1558-1603 return to Protestantism Anglican official church Book of Common Prayer Protestant / Catholic compromise defeat of Spanish Armada (1588)

Elizabeth I

Luther Starts the Reformation Objectives To analyze historical forces and religious issues that sparked the Reformation. Renaissance ideas, corrupt clergy, church leaders call for reforms To trace Martin Luther’s role in the religious movement to reform the Catholic Church. Protests indulgences, 95 Thesis, salvation and Bible interpretation To analyze the impact of Luther’s religious revolt. Pope excommunicates, HRE ‘heretic’, German peasant revolt, HRE war with Protestant princes To explain the spread of the Protestant faith to England during King Henry VIII’s reign. Henry’s ‘annulment,’ Henry head of English church, Protestant / Catholic heir clashes, Elizabeth I’s Protestantism

Chapter 17 European Renaissance and Reformation, 1300-1600 A.D. Section 4 The Reformation Continues

The Reformation Continues Objectives To explain John Calvin’s Protestant teachings and their spread throughout northern and western Europe. To describe the beliefs of other reformers and women’s roles in the Reformation. To trace the reforms within the Catholic Church. Vocabulary: predestination, Calvinism, theocracy, Presbyterian, Anabaptist, Catholic Reformation, Jesuits, Council of Trent

Calvinism John Calvin - 1536 Influences John Knox – 1559 Institutes of the Christian Religion Calvinism sinful by nature predestination Geneva theocracy Influences John Knox – 1559 Presbyterians laymen Swiss, Dutch, French Huguenots St. Bartholomew’s Day – 1572 massacre of Protestants C:\Documents and Settings\tfredrickson\Desktop

Reformers Protestant Core Belief Anabaptists Catholic Reformation mass interpretation Anabaptists “baptize again” adult baptism separation of church and state opposition to war Catholic Reformation Ignatius of Loyola Jesuits (Society of Jesus) education missionary work stop spread of Protestantism Council of Trent (1543-1563) Catholic interpretation final

The Reformation Continues Objectives To explain John Calvin’s Protestant teachings and their spread throughout northern and western Europe. Predestination, sinful by nature, theocracy, Protestant influence To describe the beliefs of other reformers and women’s roles in the Reformation. Different beliefs, Anabaptist adult baptism, women behind the scene To trace the reforms within the Catholic Church. Jesuits, education, Council of Trent, clarification of church doctrine Vocabulary: predestination, Calvinism, theocracy, Presbyterian, Anabaptist, Catholic Reformation, Jesuits, Council of Trent