How is genetics used to improve living things? Chapter 3.12 How is genetics used to improve living things?

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Controlled breeding Some people breed animals and plants. People learned how to make better offspring. They mate organisms with great traits that are desirable for people. It’s called ______________.

Mass Selection MASS SELECTION: is similar to controlled breeding. People pick living things with favorable traits and cross them to produce more favorable offspring. For example, a big strawberry is more ___________ than a small strawberry.

Sometimes two organisms with different kinds of genes are crossed Sometimes two organisms with different kinds of genes are crossed. The mating of two ________ kinds of organisms is called _____________. For example: a father is a donkey and a mother is a horse. They produce a ______ which is sterile (means they can not have their own offspring).

Another example of hybridization A rye plant is crossed with a wheat plant to produce ________ which is much better and more nutritious than rye plant or wheat plant.

Inbreeding INBREEDING: is crossing of closely related organisms (like cousins or relatives). Offspring produced by inbreeding have genes that are very ________ to their parents’ genes. For example: people mate a fast horse with another fast horse so that their offspring will be fast and can race in sports.

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Checking concepts: What is controlled breeding?

What is the purpose of mass selection?

How is a mule produced?

How do the genes of offspring produced by inbreeding compare with their parents’ genes?

What is the hybridization?

Could inbreeding and hybridization be considered opposite processes Could inbreeding and hybridization be considered opposite processes? Why?

Why is inbreeding dangerous in the organism?