1. Grade 9 Reproduction Unit
Genetic Technology
Grade 9 Reproduction Unit

2. Artificial Selection
___________________ selection is the process of intentional modification of a species through human actions which encourage the breeding of certain traits over others

3. What is the purpose of artificial selection?
Scientists alter the ___________________ of many organisms in order to improve their use to some people
Examples:
___________________ can be changed to be tolerant to drought and frost
Animals can be changed to be more productive

4. Can artificial selection be dangerous?
Yes
If all the individuals of one species have the same or very similar DNA, then ______________________________ is reduced
Without genetic diversity, disease may spread more quickly
Example- Irish potato famine

5. Genetic Technology 1) Selective Breeding
Selective breeding is the process of ___________________ individuals with desirable traits to produce offspring that also have these desirable traits
Example- the grains and fruits you eat
Example- breeding champion horses

6. Genetic Technology 2) Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineering refers to any technology that directly alters the ___________________ of an organism
Most genetic engineering involves inserting a ___________________ from one species into another species
Example
- bacteria that are engineering to produce insulin
- bacteria reproduce so quickly that most of the worlds insulin supply comes from genetically engineered bacteria

7. Genetic Technology 3) Cloning
Cloning is the process of forming ___________________ offspring from a single cell
Because the clone comes from a single parent, its DNA is identical to the parent
Example
- many ___________________ are reproduced by cloning

8. Genetic Technology 4) Genetically Modified Organisms
GMO’s are any organism in which the ___________________ has been modified in a way that does not occur naturally by mating
Example
- a bell pepper may have DNA from a fish added to it to make it more frost tolerant