1. Selective Breeding

2. Have you ever watched a dog show?
Many different breeds are presented.
Judges look for the specific traits each type of dog should have.

3. Think about this. Why are there so many different breeds of dogs?
How did some dogs get their unique traits?

4. Dogs, dogs, and more dogs

5. Dogs, dogs, and more dogs

6. Dogs, dogs, and more dogs

7. Dogs, dogs, and more dogs

8. Dogs, dogs, and more dogs

9. Dogs, dogs, and more dogs

10. Dogs, dogs, and more dogs

11. Dogs, dogs, and more dogs

12. Dogs, dogs, and more dogs

13. Dogs, dogs, and more dogs

14. Dogs, dogs, and…

15. the DAWG!

16. Selective Breeding
Humans have used genetic patterns that occur naturally in dogs to pass on desired traits to the next generation. This is called selective breeding.
Selective breeding has been used to produce faster race horses, new varieties of plants, etc.

17. Selective Breeding
Selective breeding has been used to produce faster race horses, new varieties of plants, etc.
This is what Gregor Mendel did with pea plants. He chose which plants would reproduce with other plants.

18. Inbreeding
This type of selective breeding is used to maintain, or keep, certain traits in offspring.
Similar individuals are crossed in order to increase the chance of the offspring having the traits of their parents.

19. Inbreeding
This sometimes causes problems because it increases the chance that an offspring will inherit two recessive alleles that may cause a genetic defect.

20. Inbreeding
For example, some German shepherds and Labrador retrievers have joint problems because of too much inbreeding. Dachshunds may have heart problems.

21. Hybridization
This is where two individuals with different traits are crossed in hopes of getting the best traits from both parents.

22. Hybridization
Remember: hybrid is another way to say heterozygous, or different. It means different or mixed.

23. Hybridization
Suppose there was a type of corn that was very drought resistant and another type of corn that had a great flavor. What would you hope to get by crossing those two varieties?

24. Examples of Hybrid Animals
Liger
(see article)

25. Examples of Hybrid Animals
Zebra +
Donkey =
Zedonk

26. Examples of Hybrid Animals
Donkey
+ horse=
Mule

27. Genetic Engineering
This is where scientists take bits of genetic material from one organism and insert it into another.

28. Genetic Engineering
This is where scientists take bits of genetic material from one organism and insert it into another.
They hope to someday use this technique to cure genetic disorders.
YouTube - Genetic Engineering Animation

29. Genetic Disorders
Down Syndrome

30. Genetic Disorders
Sickle Cell

31. Genetic Disorders
Albinism

32. Genetic Disorders
Cystic Fibrosis

33. Cloning
This involves using the genetic information from one organism to produce an exact copy of that same organism.
A sheep named Dolly was the first mammal cloned.

34. Dolly

35. Ethics
Do you think scientists should be experimenting with and manipulating genes?

36. Cloning and genetic engineering do not occur naturally
Cloning and genetic engineering do not occur naturally. They happen in laboratories.