Which rhythm,1/2/3, is infradian, circadian, ultradian?

Circadian Rhythms

L.O.s Check/develop understanding of 3 biorhythms Be able to describe and evaluate research into the circadian rhythm Develop key skill working with others (reciprocity)

task Identify the biological rhythm(s) being identified Circadian/infradian/ultradian Label/colour-code each statement Statements could apply to one, or more than one Complete on own to start with Time Challenge – once finished, go back and add details

Ultradian rhythm – EG stages of sleep Stages 1 -2 are light sleep where easily woken Brainwave pattern changes from the awake alpha waves, to a slower, more rhythmic wave (theta wave) Stages 3-4 involve even slower waves (delta waves) and have a greater amplitude than earlier waves. Known as Slow-wave sleep, difficult to wake from stage 4 This stage can take up to 40 mins in first cycle Heart rate and breathing rate drop to lowest point Stages 1-4 = NonREM sleep

REM sleep occurs at the end of the first cycle In REM the body is paralysed but brain activity speeds up similar to activity when awake REM = rapid eye movement REM sleep is linked to dreaming These 5 stages together make up the sleep escalator We progress from stage 1 down to stage 4, and then back up to 2 and then enter REM, and then go back down the escalator to 4 and back up etc As the night progresses, time in REM increases, and time in NREM decreases, later cycles miss out 3-4

The sleep escalator

Q: How would we investigate whether exogenous zeitgebers such as daylight influence the human sleep-wake cycle? A: Put a participant in a room with no natural daylight; allow the person to sleep and wake when they feel like it; measure the length of time for their sleep- wake cycle to occur over a period of time See if it changes from the usual 24 hours

Task Read the study you have been given Write a summary of the study onto your booklet Read through and highlight etc to ensure you know the study and could explain it You will be explaining it, including the conclusion Any questions let me know 6 minutes Challenge: Does your study support the role of endogenous pacemakers or exogenous zeitgebers? Why?

Take booklet & pen Take it in turns to explain your study to your partner Use your booklet summary to help you …but do not read word for word! No need to make notes! Just listen carefully Challenge 1) once finished, get your partner to explain it back to you (& swap) Make notes on the other study

How would you criticise these studies? Hint – research methods Discuss with partner, make brief notes

Discussion What limitations are there with these studies? Research into the sleep-wake cycle is limited because it uses case studies/small sample sizes Participants may not be representative of all individuals’ sleep-wake cycles Therefore may not be able to make generalisations to other people’s circadian rhythms As a result, it lacks population validity What do the different colours represent?

Evaluation p.25 Read the evaluation paragraphs Answer Qs 1-3 that follow 10 minutes Any questions please ask, can quietly discuss once read if need to Q3 – annotate around, at least 3 different reasons why they are effective Challenge: What other topic areas/research have you covered in Psychology (both years) that have “implications for the economy”?

HW Create essay plan answer for Q “Discuss research into infradian rhythm” 16 marks 6 marks ao1 of studies (inc a definition of infradian rhythm and description of eg) 10 marks AO3 – 4 points DO NOT COPY WORD FOR WORD Read, cover up, test yourself put in own words, repeat! = practise-testing – more likely to remember in future Reminder – lesson after next, assessment Qs on 2nd part of booklet – ways investigating onwards (will want to see revision notes)