Concepts in Water Resources Management Part (1)

IWRM Planning: is a scientific approach for decision making. Understand; Explore; and Suggest. Policy: Intention, What should be done? Strategy: What could be done? Program/Action plan: What will be done? Reference framework: It sets the context, base and tools for the planning Comprehensive integrated Planning: Integration of multi-disciplines associated with relevant stakeholders participation

27 Years Average Precipitation

Human Interference on hydrologic cycle Man uses water or protects himself against water Water supply Irrigation Drainage Sanitation Flow regulation Power generation Navigation Flood protection Wastewater pollution Which of the uses are considered consumptive ?

What Makes Water Special Vital to sustain life No substitute High value Public good Finite Consumptive uses High demand than renewable Private good Fugitive Difficult to assess Stochastic Common pool resources Why water is not an ordinary economic good, Hubert H.G. Savenije, 2002

Important Terminologies Water Resources Development (WDP) Water Resources Planning (WRP) Water Resources Management (WRM) Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM)

Water Resources Development WRD Actions both physical and administrative that lead to the beneficial use of water resources for single or multiple purposes To people in arid countries ?? Drought relief Irrigation Jobs Food security To people in wet countries ?? Water works Navigation Flood protection Hydropower To Palestinians ?? Semiarid Accessibility

Water Resources Development To water engineers Dams, reservoirs Flood protection Water supply and distribution Water treatment To environmentalists habitat pollution deforestation wetlands To lawyers legislations Water rights International law To economists Economic development Poverty alleviation Employment generations Examples Drilling new wells for domestic use Upgrading and rehabilitation of water supply network Construction of wastewater treatment plant which has multi-purpose

Water Resources Planning WRP Planning for the development and allocation of a scarce resource (sectoral and inter-sectoral), matching water availability and demand, taking into account the full set of national objectives and constraints and the interests of stakeholders Multi-sectoral Domestic, industrial, agricultural, environmental, etc. Multi-objective Water supply, aquifer protection, flood prevention, etc. Multi-constrained Physical, financial, environmental, etc.

Water Resources Management WRM The whole set of technical, institutional, managerial, legal, and operational activities required to plan, develop, operate, and manage water resources A process including all activities of planning, design, construction, and operation of water resources systems Planning Design Construction Operation Monitoring and Evaluation

Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) Water resources management that takes full account of: All natural aspects of watershed Interests of water users National objectives and constraints Institutional framework and stakeholders Dimension 1 (water resources) Include all forms of water occurrence (surface water, groundwater, fossil water, saltwater) Blue water: water in rivers, lakes , shallow aquifer Green Water : water in unsaturated zone

Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) Dimension 2 (water users ) Household (domestic) Industrial , agriculture, fishers, ecosystems, hydropower, recreation…etc. Quantity and Quality of Water Dimension 3 ((Spatial Scale Large Scale International level National level Province and district level Local level Hydrological System Boundaries River basin Sub-catchment Watersheds

Strategic Issues Sustainable development Biodiversity Green house effect Climate change Awareness International water Population growth IWRM