1. 22/03/13 Integrated Water and Sanitation Service chain Cooperation across the water and sanitation value chain World Water Day 22 March 2013 Butare, Rwanda

2. Water stress in Rwanda High growth path But: Demand Contamination (waste, agro-chemicals) Water source degradation (erosion/flooding) Climate change Water Resource Policy/Strategy 2012 Integrated water resource management adopted as framework for water development and management

3. Strategy for sustainable water and sanitation services Public Private Partnership Policy framework Delegated management model Inclusive water and sanitation services Environmental responsibility and adaptation Functional Sustainable access to water and sanitation

4. Integrated Water Resource Management: luxury or reality? Irrigation Tourism Water supply Waste water Industry Erosion Flooding Mining Hydro power

5. Making IWRM practical in Water and Sanitation Inspiration in the value chain concept of Michael Porter

6. Expanding watsan chain responsibilities 5 Recycling 2 Potabilization Distribution 1 Production of raw water 4 Waste-water Sewage 3 Service / use Drinking water supply service Integral water and sanitation service chain management

7. Production, Raw water The water sources: well, river, lakes, catchment. Key actors: Water resource authority, farmers, tourists, industry, villages, local authorities, miners, water company, other water users. Crucial capabilities: Water resource management, integrated territorial planning, long term thinking, water governance, multi-actor process. Risks: catchment degradation, erosion, climate change, contamination, bad coordination among actors. 1 Raw water

8. Transformation & distribution Intake. Transport, storage, treatment stations, pumping. Key actors: water supply operators, construction companies, supply chain (chemicals, inputs), finance. Crucial capabilities: design, treatment, monitoring. Risks: inappropriate technology, bad operation and maintenance. 2 Potabilization Distribution

9. Service/use Distribution to water points: commercialization, management and administration. Key actors: water supply operators, regulator, banks, offices for payment, WASH support organizations. Capabilities: system design, organization, administration calculation of tariffs, utility management, consumer relation-feedback, hygiene education. Risks: inadequate management, inappropriate consumer practices (hygiene, payment). 3 Service / use

10. Waste water Non consumptive use at household or water user point. Mud pools around the house, untreated waste water at village level. Key actors: households, water supply organizations, municipalities. Capabilities: hygiene practices, waste water evacuation, water saving, demand management. Risks: health (pathogens contamination) environmental contaminiation, 4 Waste water

11. Treatment/ Recycling Waste water use, recycling, ecological sanitation. Filtration pits, gardens. Key actors: municipalities, water organization, farmers, nature. Capabilities: water treatment, recycling, sanitation marketing. Risks: inappropriate technology and operation, health, environmental contamination. 5 Recycling

12. Context and support

13. Production of raw water Service / use Waste water Social organizations Knowledge centres Universities, vocational training Private companies Farm, village Catchment Society financial services NGO´s Value creation: economic, social, environmental Government (policies) Treatment & recycling- TourismRegulator Farmers

14. IWRM in the Watsan value chain First step to use more specialized IWRM tools. The concept applies to different scales: from household to system level. It visibilizes the need for collaborative action Different actors can be related to different links Helps to identify core competencies of organization. Introduces systems perspective to watsan. Helps to identify problems and design action!

15. Gains of using the watsan chain concept Stimulates to see the connections between links and its actors. Appoints to higher system efficiency on long term. Looks at preventive action: lower transaction costs. Helps identify (business) opportunities. Articulates with Water Safety Plan (WHO) and investment plans (addressing up-stream and down-stream issues) Integrates sustainability into core business (water sanitation services).

16. Sustainable water and sanitation services through cooperation Connection Communication Learning Coordination

17. Thank you Reference: World Business Council for Sustainable Development