Geography Skills Pg. 946-950

Globes and maps A globe is a scale model of the Earth. Because the Earth is round, a globe is the most accurate depiction of geographic information.  A map is a printed, symbolic representation of all or part of the planet. Unlike globes, maps always have some sort of distortion.  To create a map cartographers use mathematical formulas to transfer information from 3D to 2D, but they still must make choices about what information is most important. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kIID5FDi2JQ 

Projections As mentioned in the video, a projection is a style of map. Each type has advantages and disadvantages therefore the style of map should be chosen carefully for your purpose.  The Robinson Projection projects outlines of continents and countries extremely accurately except at the polar area, where it has been flattened. However, distance and relative size are greatly compromised.  The Mercator Projection distorts the size and shape of land more greatly as it moves away from the Equator. Because it uses a grid of straight lines, it does show true directions.  The Winkel Tripel Projection balances size and shape of land with direction and distance. For this reason, it is considered the most accurate uninterrupted map although it has minor issues with all three.  Goode's Interrupted projection looks like a peeled orange because it has been cut apart to lay plat. It show true shape, but is unusable for judging distance and direction. 

Projections look at the descriptions you have just copied and try to match each title to the correct porjection.

Determining Location Lines on globes and maps where created to help users locate information on the map.  These imaginary lines cross each other in a pattern called a grid, which helps in determining the absolution location or exact spot in Earth.  A hemisphere is one of the halves the Earth can be divided into, this information can help determine the relative location of something, or its relationship to other items on the map. Exact location is found using lines of latitude (Parallels) that circle the Earth North and South of the Equator and lines of longitude (Meridians) that circle the Earth East and West of the Prime Meridian 

Hemispheres  To help you in the battleship game we are about to play, color over the labels for the lines of latitude and longitude in each of the four hemispheres.  DO NOT TRACE THE FULL LINES as it will make it hard to draw in your ships.  You may also wish to color the land brown since you will not be allowed to use this area. 

Learning check: Battleship Place 5 ships in the water on your map. A) 4 long, B) 3 long, C) 2 long, D) 2 long, E) 1 long.

Are you sunk? If you have any ships that are not sunk after putting an "X" on all the coordinates listed below, write those coordinates below your map and see me for your prize.  75°N, 0°W 45°N, 45°W 45°N, 30°W 45°N, 15°W 15°S, 165°W 30°S, 165°W 45°S, 165°W 60°S, 165°W 30°N, 135°E 15°N, 135°E 0°N, 0°E 0°N, 60°E 15°N, 60°E 15°S, 60°E 15°S, 165°E 30°S, 165°E 90°N, 180°W 90°N, 165°W 90°N, 150°W 90°N, 135°W 60°S, 15°E 60°S, 30°E 60°S, 0°E 60°S, 15°W