Chapter 14 Leadership and Management

After Reading and Studying This Chapter, You Should Be Able to: Identify the characteristics and practices of leaders and managers Define leadership and management Describe the key management functions Differentiate between leadership and management

Leadership Traits Courage Integrity Decisiveness Judgment Dependability Endurance Enthusiasm Initiative Unselfishness Integrity Judgment Justice Knowledge Loyalty Tact

Identifiable Practices Common to Leaders Challenge the process Inspire a shared vision Enable others to act Model the way Encourage the heart

Transactional Leadership Leader is able to gain results through rewards, desired behaviors, and/or incentives Work in exchange for a desired reward See Figure 14-1

Figure 14-1 Transactional Leadership Model

Transformational Leadership Eliciting performance above normal expectations Three important factors: Charisma Individual consideration Intellectual stimulation

Essence of Leadership Loyalty Excellence Assertiveness Dedication Enthusiasm Risk management Strength Honor Inspiration Performance

Figure 14-2 Dynamics of Demands on General Managers in the Hospitality Industry

Common Traits High ego strength Strategic thinking ability Orientation toward the future Belief in principles of human behavior Strong connections Political astuteness Know how to use power

Questions Leaders Ask “What needs to be done?” “What can and should I do to make a difference?” “What are the organization’s missions and goals?” Do I pass the “mirror test?”

Leadership Approaches Be decisive Follow through Select the best Empower employees Enhance career development

Management Defined “The process of working with and through others to accomplish organizational goals in an efficient and effective way.”

Figure 14-4 Three levels of Management Plus Nonmanagerial Associates

Key Management Functions Planning Organizing Decision making Communicating HR and motivating Controlling

Managerial Skills Conceptual Human Technical

Managerial Roles Figurehead Leader Liaison Spokesperson Negotiator

Leadership vs. Management Managers Leaders Work in the system Work on the system React Create opportunities Control risks Seek opportunities Enforce organizational rules Change organizational rules Seek and then follow direction Provide a vision to believe in and strategic alignment Control people by pushing them in the right direction Motivate people by satisfying basic human needs Coordinate effort Inspire achievement and energize people

Trends in Leadership and Management Independent business units Outsourcing Increase in part-time workers Technological advances Social and environmental issues Greater emphasis on ethics Diversity in associates Lack of basic job skills Increased need for training Need to promote from within Managing sales revenue all the way to the bottom line