Voyages of Discovery Learning Targets 7.58 and 7.73

Learning Targets Learning Target 7.58 Learning Target 7.73 I can identify the voyages of discovery, the locations of the routes (Da Gama, Dias, Magellan), and the influence of cartography in the development of a new worldview. I can identify the voyages of discovery, the locations of the routes, and the influence of technology in the developments of a new European worldview, including cartography, compass, caravel, and astrolabe.

Seeking New Trade Routes The maps used by Columbus and other early explorers included only 3 continents: Europe, Asia, and Africa. Some explorers also thought that the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans ran together to form the Ocean Sea.

Portugal Leads the Explorations Portuguese rulers wanted to find a new route to China and India because they did not have a Mediterranean port and could not be involved in the trade between Europe and Asia. The Portuguese also wanted to find a more direct way to get West African gold.

Early Portuguese Voyages Prince Henry the Navigator established a navigation school in 1420, bringing astronomers, geographers, and mathematicians to share their knowledge. Portuguese ships sailed along the coast of West Africa where they traded gold, ivory, and slaves. The African coast became known as the Gold Coast.

Learning Target 7.58 Bartolomeu Dias Vasco da Gama Divide your paper into four boxes as shown in the diagram. Label each box with the name of the explorer. Take notes about each explorer’s journeys. Christopher Columbus Ferdinand Magellan

Bartolomeu Dias “My quest is to sail around the most southern tip of Africa, to open up trading routes to India…. Moral[e] is high, the seas are peaceful and we are excited to discover and sail around the southern most tip of Africa. We will make history!”

Bartholomeu Dias 1487 Sailed around the southern tip of Africa Named the area “Cape of Storms” Portugal’s king renamed the area “Cape of Good Hope” because he hoped it would lead to a new route to India

Bartolomeu Dias’ Voyage

Vasco da Gama 1497-1498 Sailed down the coast of West Africa, around the Cape of Good Hope, and along the coast of East Africa Completed a voyage to India

Vasco da Gama’s Voyage

Christopher Columbus Born in Genoa, Italy in 1451 Became a sailor for Portugal Columbus believed he could reach Asia by sailing west. Convinced King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain to finance his voyages Promised to bring Christianity to new lands If a new route to Asia was found, Spain would become very wealthy.

Columbus’s First Voyage Set sail August 3, 1492 after stopping for repairs and supplies in the Canary Islands 90 sailors and 3 ships (Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria) Landed in the Bahamas on October 12, 1492 Named the land San Salvador and claimed it for Spain Thought he had found the East Indies (now the area is called the West Indies) Called the local people Indians

Columbus’s Later Voyages Columbus made three more voyages for Spain (1493, 1498, 1502) Explored the Caribbean islands of Hispaniola, Cuba, and Jamaica Explored the coasts of Central America and northern South America Claimed lands for Spain and established settlements

Christopher Columbus’ Voyages

Treaty of Tordesillas Pope Alexander VI drew a line of demarcation dividing the new lands between Spain and Portugal. Portugal protested so the line was moved farther west and the treaty was signed. Spain was to control all the lands west of the line. Portugal was to control all the lands east of the line.

Ferdinand Magellan “The church says the earth is flat, but I know that it is round, for I have seen the shadow on the moon, and I have more faith in a shadow than in the church.”

Ferdinand Magellan First explorer to sail around the world The Strait of Magellan is named in his honor. He gave the Pacific Ocean its name, which means “peaceful.” Magellan was killed in the Philippines, but his crew continued the voyage, becoming the first men to circumnavigate (go all the way around) the globe.

Magellan’s Route Arctic Ocean