1. Exploring the Americas & The Growth of Trade
Chapter 2
Lesson 1
Essential Questions:
Why do people trade?
What are consequences when cultures interact?

2. Learning Goal
Students will be able to compare and contrast information about European explorers and explorations.
Students will be able to analyze and evaluate relationships between European explorers and Native Americans.
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4. Early Exploration Queen Isabella No America
Portugal led the way in Exploring the known world
(routes to China, India, Africa, etc)
Queen Isabella

5. Henry the Navigator From Portugal 1420 Started a center for
exploration and brought
Astronomers, geographers,
And mathematicians to
Portugal to share their
knowledge

6. Bartholomeu Dias Sailed in 1487
Sent by the Portuguese King to explore southern Africa
First person to sail around the southern tip of Africa
Cape of Good Hope

7. Vasco de Gama 1497 he set out from Portugal
Sailed down and around Africa and became the first person to reach India

8. Vikings 800s and 900s Scandinavian peninsula Reached Greenland,
Iceland and Canada and
established
settlements.

9. Amerigo Vespucci Italian explorer and merchant 1499
Mapped the coastline of the
Americas
New World named after him
Great story teller….beautiful women on the beach…big (amazon) woman clubbed one shipmate and ate him…. Very fond of himself
Bc of these stories a German Mapmaker printed AMERICA on a map in 1507

10. Vasco Nuñez de Balboa
Heard of “great waters” beyond the mountains of Panama
Led an expedition westward
Discovered the Pacific Ocean in 1513
Claimed ocean and lands along it for Spain
Crossed isthmus of Panama…Another governor was jealous of him and had him tried for treason and he was beheaded in 1519.

11. Ferdinand Magellan
Spain wanted a route through/around South America to Asia
1519 Magellan set sail
Sailed west, rounded South America
Started with 5 ships
Magellan was killed
1 ship with 200 men finished the journey 3 years after they started

12. Christopher Columbus Born Italian, moved to Portugal, sailed for Spain
Why support Columbus?

13. Christopher Columbus Set sail in 1492 Reached modern day Bahamas
Unknowingly had crossed the
Atlantic and reached North
America, not Asia
Made several more
explorations, claiming more
land for Spain

14. The Voyages of Columbus
1493, 1498, 1502
Sailed to Haiti, Dominican Republic, Cuba, and Jamaica
Claimed new lands for Spain in Central and South America
Mapped the coastline of Central America
Taino and Columbus History of the Holiday The Real Truth
The Ugly Truth

19. Technology
Helped the voyages of Columbus and other explorers become possible
New ships!
Faster
Carrack- large and sturdy (Santa Maria)
Caravels- small and easy to handle (Pinta, Niña)

20. Technology Captains first sailed by stars guiding them
Very detailed maps were developed by the time Columbus sailed that made sailing easier.
Compass- shows which direction is north
Astrolabe & Quadrant- measure positions of the sun and stars
Sailors could determine distances north and south from any given point

21. Technology Better maps and the astrolabe Compass Better ships
Effects of the technology?

34. The Columbian Exchange
European Exploration brought together two parts of the globe that had had little contact with one another:
Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas
Africa & the Americas are in different hemispheres
What was exchanged during these encounters?
People
Plants
Animals
Germs
Known as the Columbian Exchange

35. The Columbian Exchange
Effects of the CE?
Positive
The Spanish brought the horse to the Americas
The horse changed life for Native Americans on the Great Plains
Negative
New diseases were brought over by the Europeans who also contracted new diseases from the areas they discovered
Small pox killed many Native Americans when the European arrived in the Americas

36. Summary
As technology developed so did the ability of explorers, which led to new routes and new land discoveries.
Columbus is praised for being the first to reach the Americas, but the Vikings sailed to northern North America hundreds of years earlier.
Portuguese Explorers paved the way for later exploration.
Columbus, although his reputation is questionable, made a discovery that changed the history of the world.