Where is industry distributed? Less than one percent of Earth’s land is devoted to industry (25% to agriculture) ¾ of industrial production is concentrated in four regions: Northwestern Europe Eastern Europe Eastern North America East Asia

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WESTERN EUROPE 4 regions developed because of proximity to resources and markets And diffusion of the Industrial Revolution 11/16/2018

Western Europe 1. United Kingdom Home of the Industrial Revolution 11/16/2018

Western Europe 2. Rhine-Rhur Valley and Mid-Rhine First place industrial revolution diffused to Proximity to large coal fields, access to iron and steel Acess to major rivers (Rhine and Rhur Mid-Rhine Center of Europe's most important consumer market

Western Europe 3.Northern Italy Large number of workers willing to work cheap Inexpensive hydroelectricity from the Alps

Eastern Europe’s Districts Moscow District access to large markets St. Petersburg District proximity to Baltic Sea Volga District large petroleum and natural gas fields close to rivers Ural District Minerals in the Ural mountains

Eastern Europe’s Districts Kuznetsk District coal and iron-ore Eastern Ukraine District coal, iron, gas, etc. Silesia District coal

North America New England Historically populated Abundant, cheap immigrant labor Middle Atlantic Largest Market (close to New York) Main ports Mohawk Valley Inexpensive abundant hydroelectricity (Niagara Falls)

North America Pittsburgh-Lake Erie Coal and Iron in the Appalachians Steel production attracted more industry Western Great Lakes Automobiles Transportation St. Lawrence Valley Close to Canadian Markets Close to Niagara Falls Close to Great Lakes

Major Deposits of Fossil Fuels in North America

Major Manufacturing Regions of North America

East Asia Isolated from world markets Access to ports Large labor force working for cheap Grew based on production of cheap exports 11/16/2018