Reform & Westward Expansion

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Presentation transcript:

Reform & Westward Expansion Chapter 2 Section 1

Focus Question What trends in democratization and reform were taking shape in the US by 1850?

Democracy & The Age of Jackson More Americans can vote Property restrictions removed Race/Gender restrictions still apply Andrew Jackson becomes President Trail of Tears

Religion and Social Reform Religious Revivals 1820s Second Great Awakening: religious movement that swept America People could and should work to achieve moral perfection

Religion and Social Reform Religious Revivals 1820s Anyone could be saved Baptists, Methodists, Latter-day Saints

Improvements and Conflicts “wall of separation” between church and state Thomas Jefferson Govt’s job to encourage public morality? Minority religions persecuted Mormons fled to Utah Dorothea Dix Prison reform Horace Mann Improvement in public schools Transcendentalism: taught the importance of following one’s conscience

The Antislavery Movement Abolitionists: sought gradual or immediate end to slavery on the grounds that it was morally wrong Conflict → most Americans believed prosperity rested on slavery Slave revolts 200 significant revolts (ex: Nat Turner) Led to harsher treatment of slaves

Call for Freedom Frederick Douglass Escaped slave and active abolotionist Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad: network of abolitionists who led enslaved people to freedom William Lloyd Garrison The Liberator

Women’s Rights Women could not Hold office Serve on a jury Own property in their own name Gain custody of kids after divorce Earn same wages as men Earn a college degree in most schools Vote

Women Organize Fight for temperance Fight for abolitionism Elizabeth Cady Stanton & Susan B. Anthony Seneca Falls Convention 1848 Declaration of Sentiments Ultimate Goal: women’s suffrage

Manifest Destiny Continues Conflicts with Mexico Mexican-American War → annexation of Texas Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo set boundaries for Texas

Manifest Destiny Continues The Golden State Gold discovered in CA Forty-niners and the gold rush Western expansionism inflames conflict over slavery New territories = free or slaveholding?