Plant Parts and What They DO

Plant Body ~ Shoot system leaves + stem ~ Root system ~ Meristem cells that divide for life of plant, can give rise to all plant structures

Roots Roots keep the plant from falling over or blowing away. Roots also take in minerals and water from the soil through tin particles called root hairs. Some roots also store food for the plant. Root Hairs

Prop Roots begin above ground, help trees grow in loose, wet soil Types of Roots Prop Roots begin above ground, help trees grow in loose, wet soil a root that grows from and supports the stem above the ground in plants such as mangroves

Types of Roots Fibrous Roots look like little tree branches. Some fibrous roots form a thick tangled mat just under the surface of the soil. Fibrous roots help prevent soil erosion by water and wind because they anchor the soil as well as the plant.

Types of Roots Tap Roots are a single, thick root that grows straight down. They can reach water that is deep in the ground. Some store food for the plant as well.

Types of Roots Storage Roots store extra food and water to help them survive brief changes in the environments. Examples are beets, carrots, turnips and sweet potatoes.

Types of Roots

Phloem transports sugar Plant Body Stem: series of nodes and internodes Functions Holds leaves up to light Transports substances through vascular tissue Phloem transports sugar Xylem conducts water and minerals

Stems There are 2 types of stems: xylem and phloem

Xylem Narrow tubes in most plant stems that carry water, and minerals upwared from the roots to the other parts of the plant (leaves).

Phloem Narrow tubes in most plant stems that carry food from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Leaves: Make food for plants which is sugar Take in carbon dioxide through tiny openings in the leaves. The openings are called somata.

Leaf Parts (Upper) Epidermis: upper surface of a leaf. Protects the inner cells of the leaf. Its like the skin for the leaf. Palisade Layer: below the upper epidermis. Photosythesis takes place here. Spongy Layer: allows carbon dioxide to pass among the cells. (Lower) Epidermis: protects bottom of leaf. Contains opening called stomata. When the stomata is open carbon dioxide can enter. When it is closed no photosynthesis takes place.

Leaves Leaves are the food factory for the plant. A pigment or coloring matter called chlorophyll helps plants use light energy to produce sugars. Chlorophyll give the leaves their green color. The lack of chlorophyll gives the fall leaves their color.

Synthesis means putting together. Photosynthesis Photo means light. Synthesis means putting together.

Synthesis means putting together. Photosynthesis Photo means light. Synthesis means putting together.

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration 1. Glucose combines with oxygen. 2. It makes carbon dioxide and water 3. Energy is released This energy is used to make the plant grow, repair itself and reproduce