1. Plant Structure & Function
Don’t make it more complicated than it is!

2. Stems 2 Functions Support the leaves (hold them up to the light)
Transport water & food within the plant via its vascular system

3. Vascular System Xylem Phloem
Plant tissue that transports water & dissolved minerals from the roots up toward the leaves
Phloem
Plant tissue that transports glucose from the leaves down the plant

4. Xylem & Phloem are arranged in vascular bundles
3 Types of Stems

5. 1. Dicot Stems
Bundles arranged in a circle around the outer edge of the stem
Examples: Tomato, cucumber & weeds
Phloem
Fiber Cells

6. Xylem
Fiber Cells

7. 2. Monocot Stems Randomly arranged bundles of vascular tissue
Examples:
Grasses, corn, lilies

8. 3. Woody Stems
Have a thin layer called cambium (also called the growing layer) between the xylem & phloem
New cambium grows 1x per year, thus giving us tree rings!
Bark = outer portion of stem
Inner portion of bark contains phloem
If you peel the bark, you could kill the tree

11. Roots Functions: Absorb water and dissolved minerals
Anchor the plant to the soil
*Meristem – undifferentiated plant tissue from which new cells (meristematic cells) are formed. They keep the plant growing.
ex. can lengthen roots

12. Structure of Roots
Primary root
First root to grow out of a seed

13. Taproot
If the primary root grows down into the soil and remains the largest root, we call it the taproot
Ex. Carrots, beets, turnips & sweet potatoes are taproots that store food
Fibrous root
If the primary root develops into many small roots near the surface of the soil, we call it a fibrous root
Ex. Many monocots such as grasses & orchids

14. * Note - Root hairs increase absorptive surface area

16. Leaves Function #1: Function #2:
Photosynthesis (plants make sugar for food) & Respiration
Function #2:
Transpiration (evaporation of water from plant leaves)

17. Changes in the shape of the guard cells result in opening & closing of stomata.
(Plant Epidermal Cell)

18. Allows water, CO2 & H20 to pass in & out
Leaf structure
Allows water, CO2 & H20 to pass in & out
*Dermal tissue – covers outside of plants & animals
*Ground tissue – tissue that makes up the majority of a plant

19. Working with your group, create a Venn Diagram on the back of your chart!
Vascular
Nonvascular