East Asia 1450 - 1750

China under the Ming Dynasty 1368-1644 Political Overthrew the (Mongol) Yuan Dynasty Conservative – they want to return to traditions of China’s past prior to the Mongols Return of the Civil Service Exam Economic Silk industry continues to grow Religious Rulers promote Confucianism

China under the Ming Dynasty 1368-1644 Social Intellectual/Arts Beautified Beijing; members of the royal family lived in the Forbidden City in Beijing Area/Geography Expands the size of China Begins to rebuild/expand the Great Wall of China

The Voyages of Zheng He A Muslim admiral sent on seven voyages in the Indian Ocean by Emperor Yongle Sent to display the power of the Ming Dynasty and receive tribute Help open new markets for Chinese goods Brought back goods and ideas from around the world Controversial Zhu Gaozhi (Emperor Yongle’s successor) thought they were too expensive and stopped the voyages to deal with nomadic invasions in the North

The Voyages of Zheng He

The Portuguese in East Asia Arrive in 1514 and build a trading empire with weapons and by constructing forts throughout the Indian Ocean Missionaries attempt to gain influence in the Chinese royal court Chinese are impressed with their knowledge, but still view them as barbaric Downfall Not enough ships and manpower to maintain an empire 17th c. Dutch and English arrive as rivals

China under the Qing Dynasty 1644 – 1911 (into Period 6) Political 1644 Peasant Revolt because of a famine The Manchu seize power and declare a new dynasty that lasts 250 years! Maintained the Civil Service Exam and System Emperor Kangxi – longest reign in Chinese history (1661 – 1722)– presided over a period of stability and expansion Economic Some industry exists (silk workshops), but primarily agricultural Land shortage as a result of population growth – government attempted to fix it Increased exports of tea, silk, and porcelain (bought with silver!) Religious Kangxi had mixed policies towards Christians Jesuits (Catholic missionaries) were well respected because they learned Chinese

China under the Qing Dynasty 1644 – 1911 (into Period 6) Social Manchu are ethnically & culturally different Worked to make their culture dominant Continue to adhere to Confucianism Intellectual/Arts Kangxi built schools, compiled a dictionary, and sponsored a Collection of Books (Kind of like an encyclopedia) Area/Geography Kangxi incorporates Taiwan, Mongolia, and Central Asia into the empire

Ming Pottery

Japan and the Tokugawa Shogunate Political Ruled by shoguns (military leaders) – 12th c to 15th c Shoguns in conflict with the daimyo (powerful landholding aristocrats) in 1500s Tokugawa Shogunate reduces the power of the daimyo and rules until the mid nineteenth century Economic Silk production flourishes Banking and paper money spurs commercial development Agricultural production increases resulting in a surplus Religion Christian missionaries initially tolerated but later expelled and worship banned

Japan and the Tokugawa Shogunate Social Samurai warrior class declines in importance (they’re now unemployed!) Hierarchy: warrior class  peasants and farmers  artisans and merchants  eta (similar to the untouchables) Intellectual/Arts Art and literature prospers Haiku poetry develops Area/Geography It’s an island!