Classic China 1800BC to 220AD.

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Presentation transcript:

Classic China 1800BC to 220AD

Geography

Shang dynasty: 1750-1045BC Xia was the first civilization but little is known about it and it was quickly replaced by the Shang dynasty Shang dynasty was a farming society, ruled by an aristocracy, divided into territories In the Shang dynasty people believed in life after death, which developed into ancestor worship Known for using bronze in art Ended, possibly due to weak leadership

Zhou Dynasty: 1045- 256BC Longest lasting dynasty in Chinese history King was link between heaven and earth Like the Shang dynasty, the country was divided into territories, each ran by an official “Mandate of Heaven” Economic and social life began to develop: irrigation, plow, trade, silk, filial piety 403 BC: civil war broke out: horseback and crossbow

Contributions of ancient China Written language Confucianism (political and ethical) Daoism (duty and humanity; the way) Legalism (human beings are evil, impersonal laws)

Qin Dynasty 221-206BC The Qin dynasty defeated other warring states after a bloody civil war Adopted legalism Highly centralized (civil, military, censorate) (provinces, counties) Monetary system, roads, militarily aggressive

The Great Wall Concerned with the northern border due to nomadic tribes that rode on horseback Project: keep them out! Wall we know today wasn’t built until 1500 years later Fell due to angry citizens; civil war again

Han Dynasty: 202BC-220AD Discarded harsh policies of the Qin dynasty Used Confucianism Kept centralization and local government Chose government officials based on merit Population growth Empire expanded southward Prosperous, but life was hard for peasants

Technology in the Han Textile manufacturing Water mills Iron casting Paper Rudder and rigging

Fall of the Han Weak rulers wasted time and money on “court life” Central government lost power, nobles gained power Corruption and social decay Nomadic raids Peasant uprisings and rebel armies led to…

of no official government… …four hundred years of no official government…

Ancient Chinese Culture Schools Confucian classics Terra cotta sculpture