Before the Bell Rings Turn in your Study Guide Take our your notebook Imperialism in China Before the Bell Rings Turn in your Study Guide Take our your notebook 1 *

2 * Multimedia Learning, LLC COPYRIGHT 2006 WRITTEN BY HERSCHEL SARNOFF & DANA BAGDASARIAN *

China Resists Foreign Influence Before im China Resists Foreign Influence Qing (Manchu) Dynasty Chinese had little interest in trading with western nations Europeans want silk, porcelain, tea, spices Chinese did not need to trade 3 *

Would you rather wear… 4 *

Would your rather… 5 *

English are spending 5% of daily income on tea 20,000 dollars a year → 30,000 dollars a year → 40,000 dollars a year → 80,000 dollars a year → $1,000 $1,500 $2,000 $4,000 6 *

Trade related words Balance of trade- the difference between how much a country imports and exports Trade deficit- importing more than you export Trade surplus- exporting more than you import Britain was running a trade deficit with China, started exporting Indian goods to fix this problem….Opium 7 *

British trade with China centered around opium. The British imported opium from India to China in exchange for silk. Chinese silver was used to buy opium, and the Chinese government was fearful of a trade imbalance. China demanded that opium sales stop, but the British did not comply. This led to the Opium Wars. Opium dens, 1850 Chinese receiving opium from Patna, British India 8 Multimedia Learning, LLC COPYRIGHT 2006 WRITTEN BY HERSCHEL SARNOFF & DANA BAGDASARIAN *

Empress Dowager Ci Xi Empress Dowager Ci Xi worked with her government officials to fight against the British in the First Opium War, from 1839-1842. 9 * Multimedia Learning, LLC COPYRIGHT 2006 WRITTEN BY HERSCHEL SARNOFF & DANA BAGDASARIAN

Opium War Chinese emperor asked Queen Victoria to stop the opium trade/unanswered China destroyed millions of dollars of opium China was no match for modern weaponry and equipment. 1842 Sign the Treaty of Nanjing 10 *

Treaty of Nanjing (Nanking) China paid Britain’s war costs Opened 5 ports for trade Extraterritoriality-foreigners did not have to obey Chinese Law Britain received the island of Hong Kong Sometimes called the 1st of the Unequal treaties 11 *

Asia was carved up after the Opium Wars Western powers carved out spheres of influence (exclusive trading privileges) England annexed Hong Kong and Kowloon France took over Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos) Russia moved into Chinese Turkistan and Manchuria Japan grabbed Taiwan and won dominance over Korea 12 *

The Opium Wars brought an end to the isolation of the ancient Chinese civilization and introduced far-reaching social, economic and cultural ideas to the Chinese. 13 Multimedia Learning, LLC COPYRIGHT 2006 WRITTEN BY HERSCHEL SARNOFF & DANA BAGDASARIAN *

Chinese reaction to Imperialism The Taiping Rebellion- Pro West Response 1850 – 1864 Chinese peasants angry over poverty and corruption Destroyed Chinese economy Millions of deaths Put down with the help of westerners 14 *

Open Door Policy Wait no…..that’s not it 15 *

Open Door Policy Chinese trade is open to everyone on an equal basis U.S.A. Idea 16 *

Chinese reform – Moderate Response Chinese government resists modernization Self strengthening movement-importing and updating technology Weapons and steam driven ships Western experts 100 days of reform Modernize government Encourage industry Too little too late United States: Open Door Policy 17 *

The Boxer Rebellion– Anti-West Response Boxers Society of Harmonious Fists to stop western and Japanese influence in China 1900 throw out foreigners Death to foreign devils Growth of nationalism Failure: Westerners sent in 20,000 soldiers to put down the rebellion 18 *

The Boxer Rebellion challenged Western commercial and political influence in China. The Chinese, though great in number, could not stop the imperial forces. 19 Multimedia Learning, LLC COPYRIGHT 2006 WRITTEN BY HERSCHEL SARNOFF & DANA BAGDASARIAN *

Sun Yat- sen (Sun Yixian) Revolution of 1911 1st president of Chinese republic Three Principles of Sun Yixian End foreign domination Form a representative government (democracy) Create economic security for all Chinese 20 *