1. Imperialism in China

2. China Resists Foreign Influence
Qing (Manchu) Dynasty
Chinese had little interest in trading with western nations
Europeans: silk, porcelain, tea, spices
Chinese did not need to trade

3. British trade with China centered around opium.
The British imported opium from India to China in exchange for silk.
Chinese silver was used to buy opium, and the Chinese government was fearful of a trade imbalance.
China demanded that opium sales stop, but the British did not comply. This led to the Opium Wars.
Opium dens, 1850
Chinese receiving opium from Patna, British India
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WRITTEN BY HERSCHEL SARNOFF & DANA BAGDASARIAN

4. Empress Dowager Ci Xi
Empress Dowager Ci Xi worked with her government officials to fight against the British in the First Opium War, from
The first opium war is fought between Britain and China. Empress CiXi (pictured above) lived through the Opium Wars, the Taiping Rebellion and the Boxer Uprising.
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WRITTEN BY HERSCHEL SARNOFF & DANA BAGDASARIAN

5. Opium War
Chinese emperor asks Queen Victoria to stop the opium trade/unanswered
China destroys millions of dollars of opium
China no match for modern weaponry and equipment.
1842 Sign the Treaty of Nanjing

6. Treaty of Nanjing China paid Britain’s war costs
Opened 5 ports to trade
Extraterritoriality
Britain received the island of Hong Kong
Sometimes called the 1st of the Unequal treaties
Western powers carved out spheres of influence (exclusive trading privileges)

7. Asia was carved up after the Opium Wars
England annexed Hong Kong and Kowloon
France took over Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos)
Russia moved into Chinese Turkistan and Manchuria
Japan grabbed Taiwan and won dominance over Korea
This cartoon depicts England, Germany, Russia, France, and Japan at the table, ready to cut up China after the Opium Wars.

8. The Opium Wars brought an end to the isolation of the ancient Chinese civilization and introduced far-reaching social, economic and cultural ideas to the Chinese.
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WRITTEN BY HERSCHEL SARNOFF & DANA BAGDASARIAN

9. Chinese reaction to Imperialism
The Taiping Rebellion
1850 – 1864
Chinese peasants angry over poverty and corruption/natural disasters/loss of mandate of heaven
Destroyed Chinese economy
Millions of deaths
Put down with the help of westerners

10. Chinese reform Chinese government resists modernization
Self strengthening movement
Dowager Empress CI Xi ruled China from 1861 to 1908
Weapons and steam driven ships
Western experts
100 days of reform
Too little too late
United States: Open Door Policy

11. The Boxer Rebellion Boxers Society of Harmonious Fists
1900 throw out the foreigners
Death to foreign devils
Growth of nationalism
Failure
Westerners send in 20,000 soldiers to put down the rebellion

12. The Boxer Rebellion challenged Western commercial and political influence in China. The Chinese, though great in number, could not stop the imperial forces.
The U.S., Japan, Russia, Germany, Austria, France, and Great Britain sent troops to China to fight.
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WRITTEN BY HERSCHEL SARNOFF & DANA BAGDASARIAN

13. Sun Yat- sen (Sun Yixian)
Revolution of 1911
1st president of Chinese republic
Three Principles of Sun Yixian
End foreign domination
Form a representative government (democracy)
Create economic security for all Chinese

14. WHAT ASIA NATION WAS AN IMPERIALIST POWER? (JAPAN)
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WRITTEN BY HERSCHEL SARNOFF & DANA BAGDASARIAN