1. Balance of trade unequal
China
Balance of trade unequal

2. Trade with Britain What do you know about China and trade?
Most of China’s history – trade surplus vs. trade deficit
West upper hand – Industrial Revolution & strong military

3. Opium War British trade Indian opium for Chinese tea
Chinese hooked on opium
China attacks British after British refuse to stop being drug dealers. China loses .

4. Treaty of Nanjing War indemnity Hong Kong British
British citizens extraterritoriality
5 ports open to foreign trade

5. Taiping Rebellion Massive peasant revolt 20-30million dead
Population explosion
Poorly maintained infrastructure
Tax evasion by rich
Corruption
Imperials court spends riches
20-30million dead
Russia took land from north

6. Reform
Dilemma – Give up Confucian way of thinking for Western

7. Self-strengthening Movement
Reforms followed western ways
Railroads
Mining
Industry
Weapons
Problems – Government didn’t follow it

8. Sino-Japanese War Japan had industrialized Japan easily defeats China
Japan takes Taiwan

9. Open Door Policy European powers carved up China like Africa
US proposed an Open Door Policy
Chinese trade was open to everyone equally

10. Hundred Days of Reform Guang Xu –
Encourage industry
Improve civil service exams
Cut fat from government
Conservatives took back power and put back old ways

11. Qing Dynasty Falls

12. Boxer Uprising Righteous Harmonious Fists
Trained in martial arts
Goal – drive out “foreign devils”
Western Powers & Japan united to stop the Boxers
Results – China westernizes – women can go to school; industry