1. China and the New Imperialism
Chapter 9.5
China and the New Imperialism

2. Opium to China Late 1700’s British merchants trade opium for tea.
Many Chinese become addicted to Opium
Paying for drugs disrupted the Chinese economy

3. Opium War 1839 Opium outlawed and Chinese drug dealers executed
The Chinese attack British merchants for selling opium.
Using modern weapons, the British military easily crushes China

4. Treaty of Nanjing 1842
Britain forces China to pay “indemnity’s” for their British losses in the Opium War
British citizens gain “extraterritoriality”

5. 1856-1858 Second War with the West
France, Russia, and the U.S. force China to open more ports to foreign trade
Chinese must accept Christian missionaries

6. Taiping Rebellion
Most devastating peasant rebellion in history
20-30 million estimated killed
Tries to overthrow the Qing dynasty

7. Self-Strengthening Movement 1860’s
Chinese attempt to modernize
Import Western technology
Government does not support movement

8. Sino-Japanese War 1894
Japan modernizes and joins the Imperial movement
Defeats China and takes Taiwan

9. 100 Day Reform 1898
New laws put in to modernize: civil service, streamline government, and encourage new business
Emperor Guang Xu is arrested for his attempted reforms and Empress Xi Ci resumes control of China

10. Open Door Policy 1899
U.S. calls for trade with China on an equal basis. Everyone agrees but China is not consulted

11. Boxers 1899 Righteous Harmonious Fist society forms in China.
Called “boxers” by foreigners
Boxers want to drive out foreign devils from China

12. Boxer Rebellion 1900 Boxers attack foreigners living in China
Western powers and Japan join forces to rescue foreigners living in Beijing

13. Sun Yixian Early 1900’s
Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-Sen) organizes the Revolutionary Alliance to reform China
Sets out “The Three Principals of the People”
Nationalism, Democracy, and Economic security

14. Sun Yixian 1911 Empress Ci Xi 1908
Empress Xi Ci dies and a baby is placed on the throne
China slips into chaos
Sun Yixian named president of China