©2014HappyEdugator

STRATEGIES AUTHORS USE TO ENGAGE THE READER LITERATURE TERMS STRATEGIES AUTHORS USE TO ENGAGE THE READER

Literature Terms The following slides are a collection of literary terms that you may find as you study and analyze great pieces of literature. The terms are listed in alphabetical order, so if you need to refer back to a term, you can do so quickly and easily. ©2014HappyEdugator

Allegory a story with a double meaning, in which the characters and events are representing other things and symbolize a deeper, often spiritual or moral meaning. Ex. The Lion the Witch and the Wardrobe Ex. Billy Budd more ©2014HappyEdugator

Alliteration is the repetition of initial sounds in adjoining words usually more than 2 words ex. “Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers…” ©2014HappyEdugator

Allusion is a brief reference to a person, event, or place, real or fictitious, or to another work of fiction or a piece of art. ex. In Gary Paulsen’s book, The River, Brian thinks the raft looks like something out of Huckleberry Finn. more ©2014HappyEdugator

Analogy is the comparison of two pairs that have the same relationship. ex. Teachers are the salt as students are the pepper in the classroom…(teachers add flavor, while students add spice.) ©2014HappyEdugator

Characterization is the technique used by a writer to develop character traits. (1) showing the character's appearance (2) displaying the character's actions (3) revealing the character's thoughts (4) allowing the character to speak (5) receiving the reactions of others. examples Static- unchanged Dynamic- changed ©2014HappyEdugator

Conflict is the opposition between or among characters or forces in a literary work that creates or stimulates the action of the plot. Conflict may be internal or external. ©2014HappyEdugator

Conflict Cont. (1) Man in conflict with another Man (Rocky) (2) Man in conflict in Nature (Titanic) (3) Man in conflict with Self (Castaway) (4) Man in conflict with Machine (Matrix, Terminator) ©2014HappyEdugator

Diction is a writer’s choice of words, phrases, sentence structures, and figurative language which combine to help create meaning. Examples ©2014HappyEdugator

Foreshadowing is a literary device in which an author drops subtle hints about plot developments to come later in the story. Examples ©2014HappyEdugator

Figurative Language TO DESCRIBE SOMETHING BY COMPARING IT TO SOMETHING ELSE. (aka figure of speech) Simile Analogy Metaphor Personification Hyperbole Idiom ©2014HappyEdugator

Hyperbole is a deliberate and obvious exaggeration used for effect Example: I rang you a zillion times and you never answered! Example: Last night seemed to last forever. ©2014HappyEdugator

Imagery is writing or language that evokes one or all of the five senses. Examples ©2014HappyEdugator

Irony A clash between what actually happens and what might be expected to happen. Example: The fireman’s house burnt down. more ©2014HappyEdugator

Literal Language TO DESCRIBE SOMETHING AS IT IS. You must take literal language word for word. (literally) It is the opposite of figurative language. ©2014HappyEdugator

Metaphor is a comparison of two unlike things using the verb "to be" (am, are, was, were, etc.) instead of using ‘like’ or ‘as’. Example: Her words are butterflies. Example: I am an empty house ready for a new owner. ©2014HappyEdugator

Metonymy is substituting a word for another word closely associated with it. Example: Calling the police ‘pigs’ More examples ©2014HappyEdugator

Motif is an important and sometimes recurring theme or idea in a work of literature. Examples ©2014HappyEdugator

Mood is the atmosphere or state of mind of a reader in reaction to a story or poem ©2014HappyEdugator

Onomatopoeia is the use of a word to imitate sound Example: The water drips into the bathtub. Examples ©2014HappyEdugator

HUH? Oxymoron is putting two contradictory words together. Example: Jumbo shrimp more HUH? ©2014HappyEdugator

Paradox is a statement, proposition, or situation that seems to be absurd or contradictory, but actually may be true. Example: "I know that I know nothing." If you know nothing, then you know something, which cannot be “nothing.” more HMMMM… ©2014HappyEdugator

Parody is a piece of writing that deliberately copies another work in order to comment or critique it. Example: The Wind Done Gone, told from the point of view of the slaves, was a parody of Gone With the Wind more ©2014HappyEdugator

Pastiche is a piece of writing that deliberately copies another work yet does not comment or critique it. Example: Family Guy More more ©2014HappyEdugator

Personification is giving human qualities to inanimate objects. Example: The sun smiled down on us. more ©2014HappyEdugator

Point of View is the perspective on events of the narrator or a particular character in a story. 1st person: the pronoun “I” is used to tell the story. 2nd person: “you” is used to make the reader a part of the action 3rd person: The pronouns “he” or “she” is generally used in this perspective. Omniscient- all knowing Limited- knowledge of just one character ©2014HappyEdugator

Satire is the use of wit, especially irony, sarcasm, and ridicule, to critique politics and society in order to bring about change. Example: Animal Farm by George Orwell more ©2014HappyEdugator

is the time and location in which a story takes place. Setting is the time and location in which a story takes place. ©2014HappyEdugator

Simile is a comparison between two different things using ‘like’ or ‘as’. ex. He jumped as if his feet were on fire! ©2014HappyEdugator

Stream of consciousness is a literary style that presents a character’s continuous random flow of thoughts as they arise. more ©2014HappyEdugator

Stream of consciousness example “Let’s see, what else do I need to buy? I’ve got chips, chocolate…oh, and I need to get that awful prune juice for Harold. I can’t believe he actually thinks this cleanse thing is gonna work. And to think he wanted me to do it with him. As if I need to lose weight. Hmm, I wonder how late the gym is open tonight.” ©2014HappyEdugator

Symbolism is the use of symbols to represent something abstract by something concrete. ex. A book worm symbolizes someone who loves to read more ©2014HappyEdugator

Theme is a main idea in a story, or a message or lesson the author wants to give the reader. How to find the theme in a work: 1. Ask yourself, “What is the work about?” ___________ 2. Ask yourself, “What about __________?” Theme is NEVER just one word. “Love” isn’t a theme / “Love endures all things” is a theme More ©2014HappyEdugator

Tone is the author’s attitude toward the subject and/or toward the audience implied in a literary work. more ©2014HappyEdugator

Vernacular is the author’s use of the everyday language used by the common man –also know as slang ©2014HappyEdugator

Others… Protagonist & Antagonist Flashback Style ©2014HappyEdugator

Thank you for downloading my Literature Terms – How Authors Engage the Reader PowerPoint. I hope that you enjoy the resource and get a lot of use out of it. Please let me know if you have any questions or concerns. My email address is happyedug8r@msn.com Commercial Graphics used with permission from Microsoft Design, GraphicStock.com, and these artists: Illumismart https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Illumismart Teachers Resource Force https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Teachers-Resource-Force For more teaching ideas and freebies, please click on the link to visit my blog! http://www.happyedugator.blogspot.com Also, I would love to have you follow me on Facebook, Google +, Twitter, and Linked-In! Please leave feedback at My TPT Store. http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/HappyEdugator Remember, you will earn credits for leaving me feedback which goes toward any future TPT purchases. Thank you and happy teaching! Deborah Hayes Aka HappyEdugator