1. Elements of Literature Notes

2. Points of View
1st Person: the narrator is a character in the story; “I”
3rd Person: “all knowing”; the narrator is not a character in the story but views the event through the eyes of more than one character.

3. Plot the sequence of events (what happened first, second, etc.) Middle
Beginning
Middle
End

4. Characters
the people, or sometimes animals, that takes part in the events of the story

5. Setting the time and place of the action in a literary work
[The time includes the past, present, and future, as well as the year, season, and time of day.]
[The place may be a specific country, region, community, building, or home.]

6. Theme
the central message, concern, or purpose of the work, moral of the story
** very rarely stated directly in the story
** it is NOT a summary of the story’s plot

7. Fiction prose writing that tells about imaginary characters and events
** Fiction = Fake

8. Conflict a struggle between opposing forces
One of the most important elements because it causes action
There are 2 categories of conflict: EXTERNAL and INTERNAL
External Conflict: one in which the character struggles against some outside force
ex. man vs. man, man vs. nature, man vs. society

9. Conflict
2. Internal Conflict: one that takes place in the mind of a character; the character struggle to make a decision, take an action, or overcome a feeling
ex. man vs. society, man vs. self

10. Protagonist Antagonist the main character in a story
any force in a story that is in conflict with the protagonist

11. 5 parts of a plot diagram:
(1) Exposition: reader meets the characters and finds out the setting
(2) Rising Action: most of the story takes place here; this includes the conflicts
(3) Climax: the high point of the story
(4) Falling Action: action after the climax
(5) Denouement: final resolution of the conflict; conclusion

12. 5 parts of a plot diagram:
CLIMAX
RISING ACTION
FALLING ACTION
EXPOSITION
DENOUEMENT
(Resolution)

13. Literary Devices/Elements   Inference: an educated guess based on evidence. (p.80)   Foreshadowing: the use of clues to hint at events that will happen later in the story (p. 192)

14. Symbolism: A person, place or object that suggests a deeper meaning than its literal meaning. ex. a rose is a symbol for love and beauty, heart = love

15. Mood: The overall emotion created by a work of literature [Joyous (happy), Hopeless (sad), Sentimental, Ambitious] Irony: A twist of fate, contradiction between what is expected and what really happens  

16. Imagery: Language that appeals to the senses, a word or phrase that appeals to one or more of the five senses. It is used to describe how something looks, sounds, feels, tastes, and smells (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)

17. Characterization: The way a writer reveals the personality of a character (i.e. looks, dresses, speaks, thoughts, behavior)    

18. Tone: The attitude a writer takes towards an audience, subject, or a character (i.e. light, humorous, serious, etc.)

19.   Figures of Speech Notes   Simile: a comparison of 2 things using like or as ex. Pretty as a picture; face like an angel   Metaphor: a comparison of 2 things not using like or as ex. You’re an angel. She was a fox.

20. Personification: giving human characteristics to an inanimate object ex. Disney characters; cartoon strips Hyperbole: extreme exaggeration not meant to be believed ex. so hungry I could eat a horse; raining cats and dogs

21. Alliteration: repetition of the same consonant sound or group of sounds ex. sailed on a silver ship; Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers; * tongue twisters   Onomatopoeia: words that imitate the natural sound they are referring to ex. buzz, hiss, clang, whisper, zoom, meow, slurp, Zoom
Moo
Bang
Zoom