Structuralism and a Crash course in German

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Presentation transcript:

Structuralism and a Crash course in German The New Psychology Structuralism and a Crash course in German

Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) The Founding Father of modern Studied conscious experience by examining its structure or components parts (sensations, feelings) using individuals who were trained in introspection. This "school of psychology" became known as structuralism. The Founding Father of modern Psychology or experimental psychology.

Voluntarism Voluntarism: The idea that the mind has the capacity to organize mental contents to higher level thought processes.

Mediate vs. Immediate Mediate and immediate experiences: Mediate experience provides information about something other than the elements of that experience; immediate experience is unbiased by interpretation. Mediate: provides us with information other than the direct thing we’re looking. Mediate experience and data are obtained via measuring devices and thus is not direct.

Introspection Examination of one’s own mind to inspect and report on personal thoughts and feelings.

Nonsense Syllables KZH ILR YTO LOL KFC JFK

Hermann Ebbinghaus (1850-1909) Nonsense syllables: syllables presented in a meaningless series to study memory processes.

Nonsense Syllables More rapid forgetting during the first hours following learning and slower thereafter Overlearning (continuing to study past mastery) decreased the rate of forgetting. Distributed practice was more effective than massed practice

Franz Brentano (1838-1917) Mental Acts Brentano’s System of Psychology, which focused on mental activities (e.g., seeing) rather than mental contents (that which is seen).

Carl Stumpf (1848-1916) aka Music Guy Phenomenology Stumpf’s introspective method that examined the experience as it occurred and did not try to reduce experience to elementary components. Also an approach to knowledge based on unbiased description of immediate experience as it occurs, not analyzed or reduced to elements.

Clever Hans Van Osten Pfungst and Stumpf

Oswald Kulpe (1862-1915) Science is my Bride Imageless Thought: meaning in thought can occur without any sensory or imaginal component. Mental set

Systematic Experimental Introspection: Kulpe’s introspective method that used retrospective reports of subject’s cognitive processes after they completed an experimental task..