1. Intro to Psychology
Unit 1

2. Quick Write What is Psychology? What do you think it is?
Give this your best shot.
What do you think it is?
What do you think you will learn in this class?

3. -Trephining = early form of “therapy” -Occurred during the Neolithic Period (6500 BC)

4. Ancient Greeks: Philosophy of Thought (400 BC)
“The School of Athens” ~ Raphael

5. Plato
Founder of the Academy (1st college)
Aristotle
Contributed to many Arts & Sciences
Hippocrates
Father of Medicine

6. Life Before Psychology
The Middle (Dark) Ages – Inquisition ( AD)
The Renaissance – Enlightenment (1300 – 1800 AD)
Salem Witch Trials (1690’s AD)

7. Life Before Psychology Continued..
Philosophy asks questions about the mind:
Does perception accurately reflect reality?
How is sensation turned into perception?
*Problem = No “scientific” way
of studying problems
Physiology asks similar questions about the mind
but with a biological perspective (chemicals, etc.)
*THE SCIENTIFIC
METHOD
Predicts what will happen
Systematically observe events
Do events support the predictions?

9. Psychology Is Born First Experimental Psych Lab (1879)
Focused on the scientific study of the mind.
Wundt insists that Psych methods be as
rigorous as the methods of other sciences.
Wundt began to study humans in a lab.
Wundt’s students start labs
across USA ( )
Wilhelm Wundt
( )
Johns Hopkins
Harvard University
Yale University
Columbia University
Cornell University
Stanford University

10. Father of American Psychology & Functionalist
Psychology (pre-1920’s)
Wilhelm Wundt ( )
Physiologist & Perceptual Psychologist
Founder of Psychology as a Science
Structuralist
Father of
American
Psychology
& Functionalist
William James ( )
Philosopher & Psychologist
Formed Psychology at Harvard

11. Structuralism vs Functionalism
Analyze consciousness into basic elements and study how they are related
- Introspection = a method of self-observation
of one’s own conscious experiences
Wilhelm Wundt
Functionalism
Investigate the function, or purpose
of consciousness rather than its structure
William James
( )

12. Mental Processes cannot
Behaviorism
Scientific Psychology should focus on
observable facts & behavior.
Psych the Science of Behavior
Mental Processes cannot
be studied directly
John Watson
( )
Stimulus-
Response
Psychology
Ivan Pavlov

13. Behaviorism Psychology (1920s-1960s) Psychology Science of Observable
John B. Watson ( )
Watson believed that a person’s behavior was a product of his/her experiences as opposed to their internal mental state
All behavior is a result of conditioning

15. Freud & Psychoanalysis
Proposes the idea of the “UNCONSCIOUS”
Thoughts, memories & desires
exist below the conscious awareness
and exert an influence on our
behavior
Unconscious is expressed in
dreams & “slips of the tongue”
Sigmund Freud
( )
Psychoanalytic Theory attempts to explain
personality, mental disorders & motivation in
terms of unconscious determinants of behavior

16. Freud’s Concept of the Unconscious
Freud believed that our minds were divided into conscious, subconscious and unconscious behaviors. -He believed these behaviors looked like an iceberg (with only a small part of our conscious self exposed to the world) and a large component of our minds buried or hidden beneath.
Psychoanalysis – is a method that involves bringing unconscious conflicts and unresolved issues to the surface to be dealt with

18. The Women of Psychology
Mary Calkins - student of William James at
Harvard but was not awarded a Ph.D.
-Founded the psych lab at Wellesley College (1891)
Margaret Washburn - first woman to receive
a Ph.D. in Psychology. Wrote The Animal Mind,
which helped begin the Behaviorist movement.
Leta Hollingworth - Debunked popular theories that suggested women were inferior to men.
-Did pioneering work on adolescent development,
mental retardation & “gifted” children.

19. Humanistic Psychology
Carl Rogers ( )
Was the founder of humanistic psychology
Represents the idea that we value positive self-regard, or self-esteem & without this self-regard we feel small and helpless and we fail.

20. Types of Work In Psychology Field
Universities &
Colleges
27.2%
Elementary/
Secondary
Schools
4.2%
Independent
Practice
33.1%
Hospitals,
Counseling,
Clinics, etc.
22.3%
Business,
Government or
Consulting
12.1%

21. Which theory of psychology do you agree with the most & why?
Table Talk
Which theory of psychology do you agree with the most & why?
Functionalist, behaviorist, structuralist, humanistic, etc.