HIV/AIDS

Learning Targets: I can distinguish the difference between HIV and AIDS. I can summarize how HIV/AIDS are transmitted, prevented and treated. Success Criteria: I can identify 2 ways HIV/AIDS is transmitted. I can identify 2 ways HIV/AIDS is prevented and treated.

Test Your Knowledge … True or False??? AIDS is easy to catch. Having unprotected sex is the only way to transmit HIV/AIDS. Condoms are 100% effective in preventing HIV. You cannot get HIV from an insect bite. A woman who is HIV positive and is pregnant can pass on HIV during pregnancy, delivery, or through breast-feeding. HIV can be transmitted through contact with a toilet seat. People with HIV show signs of AIDS within the first few months of being diagnosed. HIV is a blood-borne virus. HIV and AIDS are preventable diseases. At this time there is no known cure for HIV and AIDS. HIV-AIDS video

Human Immunodeficiency Virus What is HIV? Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV invades white blood cells and disables and kills specific cells of the immune system. When enough cells have been killed the individual becomes vulnerable to infections and cancers that lead to AIDS T-4 cell count below 200 … a healthy individual’s is normally 800-1200

What is AIDS? Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Not inherited; contracted by person-to-person contact Immune Relates to the body’s defense system against viral and bacterial organisms Deficiency A deficient status of the body’s immune system Syndrome A combination of illnesses or symptoms which, when occurring together constitute a particular disease entity People are unwell with different illnesses. Also known as late stage HIV.

Check Your Answers … FALSE – AIDS is hard to catch FALSE – also transmitted through sharing of needles/syringes, and through bodily fluids FALSE – condoms reduce risk but are not 100% effective TRUE – no cases have been discovered from insect bites TRUE – females can pass on HIV to their children FALSE – contact with toilet seats does not spread HIV FALSE – signs of AIDS often don’t show up for years TRUE – HIV is present in blood, semen, and vaginal fluids TRUE – you can protect yourself from HIV and AIDS TRUE – at this time there is no cure for HIV and AIDS

Symptoms of HIV Fatigue Weight loss Fever Diarrhea Swollen lymph nodes Forgetfulness Difficulty thinking Weakened immune system infections Drugs can delay the start of serious symptoms, but if untreated: Weight loss Malnutrition Loss of mobility Infections – pneumonia, tuberculosis, etc. Cancer Premature death

FACTS Approximately 1 in every 250 Americans is infected with HIV It is estimated that over 14 million people worldwide have AIDS It takes an average of 10 years before a person with HIV develops AIDS

If you put yourself in a risky situation GET TESTED!! Blood test Different test than for other STDs

In the United States … In 2014: An estimated 44,073 people were diagnosed with HIV. The annual number of new diagnoses declined by 19% from 2005 to 2014. About 1.2 million people in the United States were living with HIV at the end of 2012. Of those people, about 13%, or 1 in 8, did not know they were infected. An estimated 13,712 people with an AIDS diagnosis died in 2012. 

Blood (including menstrual blood) Semen / Cum / Precum / Ejaculate HIV can only be transmitted from an infected person to another through direct contact of bodily fluids such as: Blood (including menstrual blood) Semen / Cum / Precum / Ejaculate Vaginal secretions Breast milk Rectal Fluids Anal sex is the most common way to contract HIV Vaginal sex is the second most common

Risk Recognition Complete the risk recognition sheet. Which behaviors are risky? Which are not? Note: This is specifically for HIV & STDs … NOT pregnancy!