Daily Opener Gilded Age Politics: Scandalous or Respectable? List and explain three examples from the reading to back up your answer.

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Daily Opener Gilded Age Politics: Scandalous or Respectable? List and explain three examples from the reading to back up your answer.

America Moves to the City

Mass Migration By 1900, 4 in 10 Americans lived in cities US had 3 cities with over 1 million people (NYC 3.5 million)

Cities Reach Skyward Skyscrapers became possible due to steel and the electric elevator

Mass Transit Electric trolleys and subways brought workers from suburbs to cities

Department Stores Macy’s (NYC) & Marshall Fields (Chicago) Mail order catalogs (Sears & Roebucks)

City Living Side Effects Most buildings had no indoor plumbing No trash pick-up service No water treatment facility

Tenement Housing Several poor families would be crammed onto each floor Harbored insects and disease

Immigration

Europeans Between 1870-1920, 20 million people came from Europe Most came from southern and eastern Europe to find land and jobs in US

Journey to America Most immigrants came by steamship Traveled in crowded cabins, shared beds, toilets, and suffered from disease

Ellis Island Immigrant processing station for Eastern US Pass a medical exam and legal requirements 1892-1924, 17 million people passed through Ellis Island http://www.history.com/topics/ellis-island/videos

Angel Island Immigrants suffered harsh questioning and long detention in filthy buildings Located in San Francisco Bay, CA

Immigrant Hardships Find a place to work and live Sought out people with same language and culture Created Ethnic clusters

Immigration Old Immigrants New Immigrants From Northern and Western Europe Many were: Protestant knew English Skilled laborers & therefore treated better than the new immigrant From Eastern and Southern Europe Many were: Catholic Did not know English Unskilled laborers Treated the worst

Chinese Exclusion Act Gentleman's Agreement a United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882. It was one of the most significant restrictions on free immigration in US history, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers. an informal agreement between America and Japan, enacted via unilateral action by President Roosevelt. Japan would limit emigration to the US if the US (mainly in CA) would stop segregating Japanese students.

Nativism Native-born Americans formed anti-immigrant groups Only opposed Italian, Greek, Jewish, Polish, and Asian immigrants

Nativism Work was scarce out west after railroads went bankrupt 1882 Congress passed Chinese Exclusion Act, which restricted immigration until 1943

Immigrants and the Political Machine Machines helped with jobs, housing, and citizenship in exchange for votes

Hypocrisy 1886 the Statue of Liberty was assembled in NYC harbor “Give me your tired, your poor Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free The wretched refuse of your teeming shore”

Reforming Society Jacob Riis