absolute location relative location directions distortion The precise point where a place is located on Earth. Hint: Using longitude and latitude lines! absolute location relative location directions distortion

Absolute location!

A change in the shape, size, or position of a place when it is shown on a map: grid system legend distortion relative location

Distortion

A way of representing the spherical Earth on a flat surface: map projection hemisphere continents distance

map projection

Where a place is located in relation to another place. absolute location relative location distortion projection

relative location

What does the title of a map show geographers? symbols the topic directions distortions

the topic A map’s title gives us our first clue about its content or subject matter.

Why do map makers use a compass rose? to make the map pretty to show directions on a map to identify symbols on a map To create a globe

To show directions on a map Cardinal directions are north, south, east and west. Intermediate directions are northwest, southwest, northeast and southeast.

Mapmakers use a system of imaginary lines to divide up space on their maps. This system of lines is called: revolutions creating a hemisphere scale map grid

A map grid One very useful type of grid is the system of latitude and longitude. This global grid allows you to locate any place on Earth.

Imaginary lines on the global grid that run from east to west are called: lines of longitude lines of latitude east to west lines left to right lines

Lines of latitude Latitude lines are also called parallels. The equator is the most important parallel of latitude. It circles the Earth from east to west. The equator is 0 degrees latitude.

Imaginary lines on the global grid that run from north to south are called: lines of longitude lines of latitude north to south lines up to down lines

Lines of longitude Longitude lines are also called meridians. The most important longitude line is the prime meridian. It runs through Greenwich England. The prime meridian is 0 degrees longitude.

How do geographers measure distance on a map? using symbols dividing the hemispheres using the map scale counting the streets between each location

Using a map scale A map scale appears on most maps. The scale tells you how to read the distance on the map. For instance, an inch on a map might be equal to 10 miles on Earth.

Geographers divide the Earth into halves. These halves are called: Hemispheres Quarters spheres

Hemispheres A hemisphere is half a World. The equator divides the Earth into 2 hemispheres; the Northern and the Southern Hemispheres. The prime meridian and the international date line divide the Earth into the Western and Eastern Hemispheres.

What creates the seasons? rotation revolution tilt zones

Tilt Earth’s axis is tilted at an angle relative to the sun. Because of this tilt, the Northern and Southern hemispheres receive different amounts of sunlight as the Earth moves around the sun. These differences create the seasons.

rotation revolution spinning axis Earth moves around the sun in a nearly circular path called the orbit. One round trip takes 365 1/4 days or one year. This round trip is called a: rotation revolution spinning axis

revolution The Earth moves around the sun in a path called the orbit. One round trip or 1 year is called a revolution.

As the Earth revolves around the sun it spins on its axis As the Earth revolves around the sun it spins on its axis. The spinning motion is called: Revolution Rotation Spinning topping

Rotation The spinning motion of the Earth is called rotation. Earth makes one full rotation every 24 hours. As the Earth spins, it is daytime on the side that faces the sun. One the side facing away from the sun, it is night.

All flat maps have distortions. This map projection is called: Mercator c. Robinson Goode’s Homolosine d. Eckert

Goode’s Homolosine Goode’s Homolosine uses a trick to help us see how the continents compare in size. It snips bits out of the oceans. This trick allows the continents to stretch without distorting their shapes. But it distorts the shape and size of the oceans.

Congratulations You have completed chapter 1 review of main ideas and key vocabulary words. Nice work!!