1. Map Elements

2. The Global Grid
Global grid: the system of imaginary lines used to divide the surface of Earth; help us find absolute location

3. Parallels of Latitude Latitude: runs east and west around the globe
Equator—parallel at zero degrees latitude

4. Longitude (Meridians)
Longitude: runs from the North to South Pole
Prime meridian—Prime meridian marks 0 longitude; runs through Greenwich, England
International Date Line— 180° from the prime meridian
Crossing IDL, one day ahead

5. Geographic Coordinates
Geographic coordinates: numbers of the lines(longitude and latitude) that lead to a specific place; tell exact location

6. Map Scale Map scale: tells how to read distances on a map
Large-scale map: gives a close-up view of a small area with a lot of detail
Map scale

7. Small-scale map
Small-scale map: shows a larger area with fewer details

8. Legend
Legend or Key- tells the user about the symbols on the map

9. Compass Rose
Compass Rose—shows where the cardinal directions (north, east, south west) lie on the map
Intermediate directions—northwest, northeast, southwest, southeast

10. Hemispheres Hemisphere: half a world
Equator splits globe into N & S hemispheres
Prime meridian and IDL split globe into E & W hemispheres

11. Earth’s Tilt Earth’s axis is tilted at an angle relative to sun
Toward the sun= summer, away from the sun= winter

13. Tropical Zones
Area between the equator & Tropic of Cancer, & equator & Tropic of Capricorn
Usually hot- hot rainy season, no winter

14. Types of Maps Physical Map– shows physical features
Relief map– shows height of land above sea level; represented by change in colors

15. A Round World on a Flat Map?
All flat maps have distortions
Map projections—ways of showing the earth on a flat page; try to lower distortion (altering of original shape)
Mercator
Peters
Robinson

16. Political Map– shows how humans have divided the surface of the earth (ex. countries, states, cities)

17. Special-Purpose Map– designed to display very specific information or data (ex. climate, population density)

18. Time Zones
24 time zones
Places that have the same longitude will be in the same time zone.

19. MAPPING LAB