Review Cell theory All living things are composed of cells Cells are the basic units of structure & function in all living things All cells come from pre-existing cells

Cell Structure & Function There are 3 basic structures of the cell: Cell membrane Nucleus Cytoplasm The vocab term for all of the structures found in the cell is: ORGANELLES

Nucleus Cytoplasm Animal Cell Cell Membrane Plant

Nucleus The control & information center of the cell, DNA. Nucleolus Chromosomes Nuclear Envelope

Nucleolus small region that contains RNA and proteins. Ribosomes are made here

Nuclear Envelope –membranes that surround the nucleus -contains pores which allow movement of materials in & out of nucleus

Chromosomes Contain the genetic information that must be passed to each new generation of cells.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Cytoskeleton Cytoplasm Ribosomes Centriole Vacuole Golgi Apparatus Mitochondria Lysosome Endoplasmic Reticulum

Golgi Apparatus The apparatus packages proteins & substances for storage in the cell or to be released from the cell

Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough ER Modify and ship ribosomes Smooth ER

Ribosomes Protein Factories

Smooth ER Does not have ribosomes attached to the surface.

Rough ER Does have ribosomes attached to the surface.

Lysosome Filled with enzymes necessary for digesting waste materials in the cell. -The cells “clean-up crew”

Centriole

Mitochondria Change the chemical energy stored in food into usable compounds for the cell.

Vacuole Saclike structures that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, & carbohydrates.

Cytoskeleton A variety of filaments and fibers that support cell structure and drive cell movement.

Plasma Membrane Regulates what enters and leaves the cell. It also aids in the protection and support of the cell. Glycoproteins Embedded Proteins Phospholipid Bilayer

Phospholipid Bilayer Lipids line up based on hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. Hydrophilic Hydrophobic

Embedded Proteins Proteins help to move molecules across the membrane using both passive and active transport.

Glycoproteins Used for cellular recognition and binding sites.

Chloroplast Vacuole Plant Cell Cell Wall

Cell Wall Strong, non-living structure made of cellulose that surrounds plants, algae and some bacteria. Provides protection and support for the plant cells. It is very porous so that water, oxygen, carbon dioxide and other substances can pass through easily.

Vacuole IN PLANTS – There is a single large central vacuole filled with liquid that causes pressure making it possible for plants to grow quickly & support heavy structures like leaves and flowers RECALL - saclike structures that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, & carbohydrates.

Chloroplast Contain chlorophyll that trap the energy of sunlight & convert it into chemical