Chapter 23 Medicines and Drugs

Role of Medicines Medicine- drug used to treat or prevent disease or other conditions Drugs- substances other than food that change the structure or function of the body or mind All medicines are drugs, but not all drugs are medicines.

4 categories of medicines Help prevent disease Fight pathogens Relieve pain Help maintain or restore health and regulate body systems

Medicines that help Prevent Disease Vaccine- a preparation introduced into the body to stimulate an immune response. Antitoxins- neutralizes the effect of toxins such as those that cause tetanus.

Medicines that relive pain Analgesics- pain relievers What are some examples of these?

Pain relievers cont’d Aspirin- relieve pain, reduce fever, treat arthritis. Tylenol Ibuprofen Acetaminophen- used for children.

Side Effects of Analgesics Upset stomach Dizziness Ringing of the ears Reyes Syndrome (effects brain and liver)

Medicines that promote health Allergy medicines Or antihistamines, these reduce sneezing, itchy watery eyes and runny nose. Common allergies Body- regulating medicines -Insulin- diabetes -Asthma- Inhalers -Blood pressure meds- Lower blood pressure

continued Antidepressants Help normalize brain chemistry Mood disorders, depression, schizophrenia Cancer treatment medicines -reduce rapid cell growth, stop the spread of cancer cells. -Chemotherapy- kills fast growing cancer cells.

Side effects A reaction to medicine other than the one intended Additive interaction – when medicines work together Synergistic effect- interaction of two or more medicines that result in a greater effect when taken alone Antagonistic Interaction- effect of meds is canceled or reduced when taken with another.

Prescription

Illegal Drugs Substance Abuse: any unnecessary or improper use of a chemical substance. Illegal drug: chemical substance that people of any age may not lawfully make, possess, buy or sell.

Health Consequences Overdose: a strong sometimes fatal reaction to taking a large amount of a drug. Psychological Dependence: a person believes that a drug is needed in order to feel good or to function. Physiological dependence: user has a chemical need for the drug.

Health Consequences Addiction: a physiological or psychological dependence on a drug. All of this can lead to disease, legal problems, family and friend issues

Type of Illegal drugs Marijuana PCP Cocaine Methamphetamine Heroin Opium LSD Amphetamines

Assignment Get into groups of 4. I will assign your group a illegal drug. You will research the drug, using your book, or you can use your electronic devise.

Details of the project Name of drug Type(Stimulant, Depressant, Narcotic, Hallucinogens) Origin (Year, and from who) Intended use of the drug(original and today) Side Effects PSA for not doing the drug(commercial) Neatness Pictures Add color