Unit 3 Lesson 3: Nonrenewable Resources Lesson 4: Renewable Resources Lesson 5: Managing Resources

Be Resourceful! Energy resource – a natural resource that humans use to generate energy. 2 types Renewable – resources that can be replaced quickly Nonrenewable – resources that cannot be replaced easily because they take a long time renew.

2 Types of Nonrenewable Resources 1. Fossil Fuels – nonrenewable energy that forms from the remains or organisms that lived long ago. Release energy when burned. The energy can be converted to electricity. 3 Main types of fossil fuels 1. Petroleum – liquid also known as crude oil Liquid that comes from the ground. Diesel fuels and gasoline. 2. Natural gas – comes from the ground Used for cooking and heating. Methane, Butane and Propane. 3. Coal - solid comes from the ground. Once used to heat homes and run transportation.

Formation of Petroleum and natural gas? 1. Marine organisms die and settle to the bottom. 2. Layers of sediment slowly bury the dead marine organisms. 3. Heat and pressure slowly turn the remains into petroleum and natural gas. 4. Petroleum and natural gas flow through rocks, where they become trapped and concentrated. Humans then extract the fuel.

Formation of Coal 1. Partially decayed swamp plants sink to the bottom and change into peat. Looks like rotting wood. 2. As sediment buries the peat, heat and pressure change peat into lignite. 3. As sediment builds, heat and pressure change the lignite into bituminous coal. 4. Heat and pressure continues to change the bituminous coal into anthracite coal.

Problems with Fossil Fuels Burning them produces pollution. Releases carbon dioxide into atmosphere = Increase in global warming. Creates smog and acid rain. Oil spills Flammable/combustible

2 Types of Nonrenewable Resources 2. Nuclear Fuel – the energy released when the nuclei of atoms are split or combined. Nuclear fission – split an atom We use Uranium as the fuel, which is nonrenewable! Nuclear fusion – combine atoms together The sun’s energy is a result of nuclear fusion

Nuclear Fuel

Dangers of Nuclear Fuels Produce dangerous waste that is radioactive. Harmful radiation may also be released into the environment. Can cause cancer from radiation if the core melts.

Lesson 4: Renewable Energy Resources

Turn, Turn, Turn Wind energy – uses the force of moving air to drive an electric generator or do other work. Wind is created by the sun’s uneven heating of air masses in earth’s atmosphere. Wind is renewable! Turbines or windmills generate electricity by the moving blades. They do not generate a lot of air pollution!

Moving Water Moving water has kinetic energy! Hydroelectric energy – electrical energy that is produced by moving water. The sun powers the water cycle Water is renewable!

Let the Sunshine In Solar energy – the energy received by Earth from the sun in the form of radiation. Solar panels to heat homes. Photovoltaic cell – used to convert solar energy into electricity - used in solar calculators

Biomass Fuels Biomass – organic matter from plants and animal waste that contains chemical energy. This energy can be used to cook food, provide warmth, power engines. Biomass sources include trees, crops, alcohol, animal waste and peat. Biomass Fuels are renewable! The sugars in corn and sugarcane are converted to ethanol which can be burned as a source of fuel in cars.

Geothermal Energy Geothermal energy – energy produced by heat from earth’s interior. Examples include: geyser, hot springs, volcanoes. Geothermal power plants pump the steam or hot water from underground to spin turbines that generate electricity. The electricity is generated from water heated by magma pumped beneath Earth’s surface.

Lesson 5: Managing Resources

Effective Ways to Manage Resources Stewardship – the careful and responsible management of resources. Conservation – the protection and wise use of natural resources. Recycling – reduces the use of new resources. Reduce Reuse Recycle