1. ENERGY SOURCES AND TYPES
8TH GRADE PHYSICAL SCIENCE

2. Renewable or Nonrenewable? Characteristics/Facts
Fossil Fuels
Renewable or Nonrenewable?
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Nonrenewable
Remains of ancient animals and plants preserved underground
Burning fossil fuels produces greenhouse gases
Coal (solid)
Oil (liquid)
Natural gas

3. Renewable or Nonrenewable? Characteristics/Facts
Natural Gas
Renewable or Nonrenewable?
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Nonrenewable
Fossil fuel gas (mostly methane) trapped underground in rocks
Pipes sunk into ground to release gas
Used for cooking and heating
Burn gas for heat

4. Renewable or Nonrenewable? Characteristics/Facts
Coal
Renewable or Nonrenewable?
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Nonrenewable
Solid Fossil fuel mined from rock layers
Form from dead plants and animals that settle at the bottom of swamps millions of years ago
Burn coal to produce steam to make electricity

5. Renewable or Nonrenewable? Characteristics/Facts
Uranium
Renewable or Nonrenewable?
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Nonrenewable
Nuclear energy stored in the nucleus of an atom
Uranium-235 is used in nuclear power plants
Atoms split during fission and give off heat
Three Mile Island

6. Renewable or Nonrenewable? Characteristics/Facts
Biomass
Renewable or Nonrenewable?
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Renewable
Stored chemical energy in organic matter or wastes
-when burned produces thermal energy
-releases air pollution
Wood
Used to make ethanol

7. Renewable or Nonrenewable? Characteristics/Facts
Water
Renewable or Nonrenewable?
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Renewable
Mechanical energy of flowing water turns turbine to generate electricity
Does not release air pollution or carbon dioxide
Dams
Water mills

8. Renewable or Nonrenewable? Characteristics/Facts
Geothermal
Renewable or Nonrenewable?
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Renewable
Heat energy from below Earth’s surface
Used to heat homes or generate electricity
Water heater
Can produce steam to make electricity

9. Renewable or Nonrenewable? Characteristics/Facts
Wind
Renewable or Nonrenewable?
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Renewable
Moving air caused by unequal heating of atmosphere
-Change Kinetic Energy into electrical energy
-only some areas get enough wind
Windmill

10. Renewable or Nonrenewable? Characteristics/Facts
Solar
Renewable or Nonrenewable?
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Renewable
Electromagnetic energy that travels through space in electrical and magnetic waves
Not practical in cloudy areas
Solar powered cars
Solar panels on house
Calculators!

11. Characteristics/Facts
Kinetic
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Energy of Motion
KE= ½ mv2
Velocity and mass affect KE
Rolling ball
Rotating fan
Moving car

12. Characteristics/Facts
Potential
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Stored Energy
2 main types:
Gravitational PE
Elastic PE
Airplane in the sky
Rubber band

13. Characteristics/Facts
Mechanical
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Amount of Potential and Kinetic Energy in an object
TOTAL ME= constant
ME= KE + PE
Projectiles
Roller coasters

14. Characteristics/Facts
Thermal
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Total potential and kinetic energy of particles
Kinetic energy increases as particles move FASTER
Boiling water
Lava
Ice cream melting

15. Characteristics/Facts
Electrical
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Energy of electric charges
-Can flow or be stored
-Easily converted
Lightning
Electricity

16. Characteristics/Facts
Chemical
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Energy stored in chemical bonds (potential energy)
Energy released when bonds break
Food
Fuel

17. Characteristics/Facts
Nuclear
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom (potential energy)
Released during nuclear reactions
Sun
Uranium

18. Characteristics/Facts
Electromagnetic
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Energy of light or radiation
Travels in waves
Light
Sound
Microwaves

19. Characteristics/Facts
Elastic Potential
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Stored energy of objects stretched or compressed
Further you stretch, more energy you have!
Rubber band
Bow and arrow

20. Gravitational Potential Energy
Definition
Characteristics/Facts
Examples
Stored energy related to an object’s height
GPE= weight x height
Flower pot on windowsill
Roller coaster at top of hill