Axial Skeleton Chapter 7

Appendicular (yellow) – 126 bones Skeleton 206 Bones Axial (blue) – 80 Bones Appendicular (yellow) – 126 bones

Types of Bones

Bone Surface Markings

Axial Skeleton 80 bones Skull: 28 Hyoid: 1 Vertebrae: 26 Ribs: 24 Sternum: 1 Axial Skeleton is shaded blue

Skull Skull: cranial and facial bones Cranial (8) Facial Bones (14) frontal parietal (2) temporal (2) occipital sphenoid ethmoid Facial Bones (14) nasal (2) palatine (2) maxilla (2) zygomatic (2) mandible vomer lacrimal (2) inferior nasal conchae (2)

Frontal Coronal Suture Frontal Lambdoidal Suture Squamous Suture

Frontal Sagittal Suture Frontal Glabella Supraorbital Margin Supraorbital Foramen

Frontal Frontal

Parietal Parietal

Temporal Squamous region zygomatic process mandibular fossa Petrous region internal acoustic meatus styloid process carotid canal jugular foramen Tympanic region external acoustic meatus Mastoid region mastoid process

Temporal

Temporal Temporal Zygomatic Process External Acoustic Meatus Mastoid Process Styloid Process

Temporal Carotid Canal Internal Acoustic Meatus Jugular Foramen

Temporal Zygomatic Process Carotid Canal Mandibular Fossa External Acoustic Meatus Styloid Process Mastoid Process Jugular Foramen

Occipital Occipital

Occipital Occipital Superior view Posterior view

Occipital Foramen Magnum Occipital Condyle External Occipital Protuberance

Occipital Foramen Magnum

Sphenoid Sphenoid

Sphenoid Optic foramen Lesser Wing GreaterWing Sella Turcica Foramen Ovale

Sphenoid Pterygoid processes Foramen Ovale

Sphenoid

Sphenoid

Ethmoid Ethmoid

Ethmoid Ethmoid

Ethmoid Crista galli Cribriform plate Olfactory foramina

Ethmoid

Nasal Nasal

Nasal Nasal

Palatine Palatine

Maxilla Infraorbital foramen Maxilla Alveolar process(margin)

Maxilla Maxilla

Maxilla Incisive foramen Palatine process

Zygomatic Zygomatic Temporal Process

Zygomatic Zygomatic

Mandible Coronoid process Mandibular condyle Alveolar Margin Mandible Body Mandibular Ramus Mental Foramen

Mandible

Vomer Vomer

Vomer Vomer

Lacrimal Lacrimal fossa Lacrimal

Inferior Nasal Conchae

Bones of the Orbit

Sinuses

Foramina of the Skull

Fontanels of the Fetal Skull

Hyoid No articulations Suspended from styloid process by ligaments

Vertebral Column

Cervical Vertebrae (7)

Cervical Vertebrae C1 – Atlas C2 – Axis C3 – C7

Thoracic Vertebrae (12)

Thoracic Vertebrae (1-12)

Lumbar Vertebrae (5)

Lumbar Vertebrae (1-5)

Comparison of Vertebrae

Articulated Vertebrae

Herniated Disc

Spinal Conditions

Sacrum and Coccyx Sacrum - 5 fused Coccyx - 4 fused

Sternum

Ribs

Rib articulations