North American Colonies English Dutch French

English Colonies England established colonies along the Atlantic seaboard in the 1600s First permanent colony: Jamestown, Virginia Established 1607 Sponsored by Virginia Company of London Many settlers died of starvation early on

English Colonies Created wealth from natural resources New England colonies built fishing, timber, and shipbuilding industries Mid-Atlantic (Middle) colonies grew grain Southern colonies grew cash crops and developed a plantation economy Reasons for colonization VA, NY: Commercial ventures organized for profits MA, PA, MD: Havens for persecuted religious groups GA, SC: Gifts from English kings to loyal supporters

New England colonies

Middle colonies

Southern colonies

Virginia Colony House of Burgesses Tobacco Legislative assembly similar to Parliament Established by Virginia Company First European-type legislative body in New World Tobacco Major cash crop Caused Virginia to highly depend on slavery

Native American Interaction (VA) Native Americans were forced off their lands for agricultural purpose: tobacco Powhatan Notable chieftain in Virginia Bacon’s Rebellion, 1676 Landless rebels wanted harsher actions against Native Americans for more available land Virginia House of Burgesses passed laws to regulate slavery

Pilgrims in New England Arrived in 1620 English Protestants who rejected the Church of England and sought religious freedom. Mayflower Compact A compact is an agreement Signed while still on their ship Set guidelines for governing the new colony

New England Colonies First colonies established by Puritans Present-day Massachusetts Entire families settled in New England Better life Practice religion as they saw fit Not tolerant of other religious beliefs Rhode Island was founded by religious dissenters from Massachusetts

New England Colonies Town Meetings “Half-Way Covenant” Ran by communities Voting rights limited to male church members “Half-Way Covenant” Allowed partial church membership for the children and grandchildren of the original Puritans In response to many children born in the colonies who lacked a personal covenant with God

Salem Witch Trials, 1690s Over 150 Massachusetts colonies accused of witchcraft were tried, 29 were convicted, and 19 hanged. 6 more died in prison. Causes included: Extreme religious faith Stress from a growing population and bad relations with Native Americans Narrow opportunities for women and girls to participate in Puritan society

Native American Interaction (MA) King Philip’s War 1675 to 1676 European colonists vs. Native Americans Named after Native American leader Metacom Heavy loss of Native American life Large areas of southern New England became English settlements

Mid-Atlantic Colonies Pennsylvania Founded by William Penn Quakers were religiously tolerant New York Originally settled by the Dutch Originally named New Amsterdam In 1664 the British conquered the colony, renamed it New York Diverse population helped trade and commerce Religiously tolerant

French Quebec Purpose to secure natural resources and export back to Europe First permanent French settlement in North America Instructed to spread the Catholic faith in the New World