The Muscular System Advanced Health

What is the muscular system? The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. There are about 650-700 named muscles that make up half of a human’s body weight.

Functions of the Muscular System Movements of Body Parts muscles move bones by pulling on them Stability & Posture  skeletal muscles stabilize human skeleton and give humans proper posture Heat Production  muscles produce great amount of heat in the body Circulation  cardiac muscles provide main force for circulation of blood throughout the body Digestion  smooth muscles help with the digestion of food

Movements of body parts Circulation & digestion Functions Movements of body parts Stability & posture Heat & production Circulation & digestion

Three types of muscle: Cardiac, Skeletal, Smooth

Post-it Time Find a partner. You will label the 14 muscles on the person using post-its (just stick it to them or have them stick them on themselves if the muscle is close to a private part!). Then switch and have your partner label you.

Team Challenge Pin the part on the muscle. Three teams of 7. You will each be given a muscle to go stick on the part. If you get it correct, you get one point for your team. Get it wrong, no points. Next person on your team then goes. We will continue until all parts have been called.

Injuries to the Muscular System Sprains and strains both involve a stretch and/or tear of part of the muscular system. A sprain is a stretch or tear of a ligament. A strain is a stretch or tear of a muscle or tendon. Treatment involves the RICE method: rest, ice, compression, and elevation. A cramp or spasm is a sudden involuntary muscle contraction after over-activity or due to dehydration. It's treated through rest, drinking water, stretching, and electrolyte replacement. Splints (most commonly shin splints) are an injury involving inflammation of the muscles due to repetitive stress or over-activity, like running. Treatment includes rest, ice, anti-inflammatory medication, and changes to footwear and activity intensity. Tendinitis is the inflammation of the tendon, often because of chronic damage, though we now know most cases have no such inflammation and are purely muscle damage. This can happen when an injury is made worse by not resting or an action is done repeatedly to the point that multiple injuries occur. Treatments involve pain management and physical therapy to strengthen muscles.

The Muscular System and Disease Muscular dystrophy is a group of diseases that weaken the muscular system and make it harder to move. The diseases are usually progressive (they get worse over time ) and affect proteins causing the death of muscle cells. Tendinosis is a degenerative disease that causes tendons to break down and form scar tissue when the tendons are no longer able to repair themselves after an injury. There are many commonly used treatments, but they're not very effective. Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is basically widespread chronic pain. It is often resistant to treatment and so the focus is usually on learning how to live with the issue. Poliomyelitis is a viral infection of the nerves that control skeletal muscle movement; can be asymptomatic, but it often causes paralysis that may progress to death. An effective vaccine has all but eliminated cases of it in the U.S. Myasthenia gravis is where the immune system attacks the junction between the nerves and muscles, making it hard for your brain to communicate with the muscles. This also makes muscles feel weak. Treatments include plasma exchange and various drugs. Tetanus is a bacterial infection of the muscular system and causes anything from stiffness and pain to paralysis. It's treated with antitoxins, antibiotics, and pain management.