1. Major Muscular Disorders

2. Myopathies (muscle disorders)
Muscle Strain – over exertion, painful (myalgia), overstretching or tearing of muscle
Sprain – injury to a ligament at an area of a joint
Myositis – muscle inflammation, can be caused by muscle strain
Fibromyositis –” charley horse”, includes tendon inflammation

3. Cramps – painful muscle spasms (involuntary twitches)
Result from mild myositis or fibromyositis
Can be symptom of irritation or ion/water imbalance
Contusion – muscle bruise, minor trauma to body
Local internal bleeding and inflammation
Crush injury – severe trauma to skeletal
muscle, can release myoglobin and cause kidney failure

4. Muscle Infections
Poliomyelitis – viral infection of the nerves that control skeletal muscle movement
Muscular Dystrophy – group of genetic diseases, atrophy of skeletal muscles
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy – replacement of
muscle with fat and fibrous tissue, X-linked disorder
Myasthenia Gravis – chronic disease, muscle weakness, esp. in throat and face.
Autoimmune disease, attacks muscle
cells at the neuromuscular junction