1. Muscular Diseases Group of diseases in which muscle cells deteriorate.
First signs appear at about age 3 and death usually occurs by age 21 due to respiratory or cardiac muscle weakness.
Caused by missing fragment in the “x” chromosome so mainly affects boys.

2. Poliomyelitis  Viral infection of the nerves that
control skeletal muscles.
 Often causes paralysis that may
progress to death.
 Virtually eliminated in the USA and the world
due to vaccinations.

3. Tetanus (Lockjaw)  Infectious disease characterized by continuous
spasms of the voluntary muscles.
 Caused by toxin of the bacterium, Clostridium
tetani, that can enter the body through a puncture
wound.
 Will cause tetany (sustained strong contractions)
which can result in muscle tears and fractures.

4. Contusions  Hard blow to a muscle which causes anywhere
from mild (grade I) or severe (grade III) bruising
or bleeding in the muscle
at the site of impact.
 Treatment:
Rest injured part
Ice minutes q 2-3 hours for hours
Compress the injured part with ace wrap
Elevation of the injured part

5. Fibromyalgia  Is a syndrome (collection of symptoms)
 Defining symptom is chronic muscle pain that lasts
more than three months in specific muscles
 Other symptoms: fatigue, HA, feelings of numbness
and tingling, also joint pain
Tx = pain relief and counseling

6. Rotator Cuff Disease Shin Splints  Inflammation of a group of tendons
that fuse together and surround the
shoulder joint
Cause is repetitive overhead swinging
Tx = rest and physical therapy
Shin Splints
 Injury to the muscle tendons
in front of the shin
 Occurs with overuse activities
such as running
 Tx - Take time off from exercise and rest. Use
of ice post exercise. Stretching and message