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The Muscular System Support Systems Unit 2.

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Presentation on theme: "The Muscular System Support Systems Unit 2."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Muscular System Support Systems Unit 2

2 Functions of the Muscular System
Heat Production (thermogenesis) Heat is a byproduct of muscle contraction Movement Facilitation Muscles shorten and pull on bones which produces movement Structure (postural support) Contraction of muscles keeps us upright and maintains posture

3 Functions cont. Protection of Internal Organs
Contraction of abdominal muscles causes them to become hard and offers protection to the underlying organs Other muscles con contract prior to receiving a blow thus protection bones and soft tissue. Controls the volume of hollow organs Smooth muscle surrounds our hollow organs and contractions propel the substances through them, aid in their emptying, or helps control their volume Stomach and small intestines The bladder Blood vessels

4 Anterior Skeletal Muscles

5 Posterior Skeletal Muscles

6

7 Cardiac Muscle Striated – appears striped under a microscope
Involuntary- no conscious control Found in the heart

8 Smooth Muscle Located in walls of hollow internal surfaces such as:
blood vessels - stomach urinary bladder - intestines Non-striated in appearance Involuntary

9 Skeletal Muscle Attached to bones
Striated appearance under a microscope Voluntary control (conscious control)

10 Diseases and Disorders of the Muscular System

11 Tendonitis Characterized by Inflammation of the tendons due to overuse or age-related changes of the tendon. Common in individuals who begin a new exercise or increase their level of exercise. Treatment includes: rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE).

12 Strains A tearing of a muscle or its attaching tendon
Occurs when a muscle receives a stress that overcomes its strength Sudden, quick heavy lifting During sports While performing work tasks

13 Strains cont. 3 types of strains
A 1st degree occurs when the muscle is stretched causing micro-tears in the muscle fibers A 2nd degree strain occurs when the muscle or tendon is partially torn A 3rd degree strain occurs when the muscle is completely ruptured Signs & symptoms include: Pain, especially when the muscle is contracting which limits function Swelling Bruising Treatment includes Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation

14 Muscle Spasm An involuntary muscle contraction
Also called a “Charlie Horse” or “muscle cramp” Main causes are electrolyte imbalances, dehydration and fatigue

15 Muscle Spasm cont. Initial treatment is to put the muscle that has the spasm on stretch If spasm persists ice or heat can be used Prevention incudes maintaining a proper diet, drinking plenty of water and proper conditioning Sports drinks may be beneficial during exercise to help replace lost sodium due to sweating

16 Muscular Dystrophy An inherited disorder in which the muscles are missing a certain protein causing degeneration of muscle tissue Causes progressive weakness and loss of function of the affected muscles There is no cure but physical therapy can lessen the severity of the disorder.


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