Lesson XXII

Day 1

- Recitation Present tense, personal pronoun endings Imperfect tense endings Future tense endings Amo, conjugated, present tense Amo, conjugated, imperfect tense Amo, conjugated, future tense 1st declension endings (feminine) 2nd declension endings, masculine 2nd declension endings, neuter Principal Parts of amo: amo, amare, amavi, amatus Principal Parts of do: do, dare, dedi, datus Principal Parts of sto: sto, stare, steti, status Principal Parts of iuvo: iuvo, iuvare, iuvi, iutus Principal Parts of lavo: lavo, lavare, lavi, lautus

Recitation Give the five vowels in English. Give the five vowels in Latin. Always in Latin the c and the g are pronounced ______. Verb families are called _____. How many conjugations are there? Name them. Give the six attributes of Latin. Give the three grammar persons. The first person is the person _______. The second person is the person _________. The third person is the person ____________. Give the two grammar numbers. ______ & _______. How many Latin tenses are there? ______.

Give the names of the three forms of the English present tense. I praise is the _____ present, I am praising is the _____ present and I do praise is the _______ present. In Latin the imperfect tense means not finished. The imperfect tense sign is ba. The imperfect tense is used to describe an ______ or _______ action in the past. On-going/interrupted What are the English helping verbs of the imperfect tense? Was and were What are two basic parts of a sentence? The subject and the predicate The subject is Who or what the sentence is about The predicate tells What the subject is or does. What is sentence pattern #1? Subject + verb What English helping verb translates the Latin future tense? Will The three tenses that make up the present system are __________. Present, imperfect, future The Present System is built on the present stem.

Recitation What are the Principal Parts and how many are there? The forms that provide the stems needed to conjugate a verb in all its tenses. There are usually four principal parts. What is the name of the second principal part? The infinitive. The infinitive ending for all first conjugation verbs is _____. -are How do you find the present stem? Drop the re from the infinitive. The English infinitive is written with the particle ________ before the verb. To The to be verb shows existence and not action. Give the English forms of the to be verb. Am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been Give the regular endings for the principal parts of 1st conjugation verbs. O, are, avi, atus What is sentence pattern 2? Subject + verb + direct object

Something that completes an action of a verb is a _______. Complement What is the first complement in this text? The complementary infinitive In Latin grammar, perfect means _______. Finished The perfect tense describes what kind of action? A one-time action completed in the past The perfect tense is built on the _______ stem. Perfect How do you find the perfect stem? Drop the I from the third principal part. Give three translations of vocavi. I called, I have called, I did call What English helping verbs translate the perfect tense? Have, has, did The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. Perfect The pluperfect tense describes what kind of past action? An action completed prior to another past action. The future perfect tense is built on the _____ stem. The future perfect tense describes an action in the future completed prior to another action in the future. What English helping verbs translate the future perfect tense? Will and have The future perfect tense endings are identical to the future tense of (sum) except for (3rd person plural). The tenses of the Perfect System are _______________ Perfect, pluperfect, future perfect Verb families are called __________. Conjugations And noun families are called __________. Declensions How many declensions are there? Name them First, second, third, fourth, fifth

Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Three important exceptions to the rule are: Poeta, nauta, agricola Latin does not have the English articles: A, an, the Give three translations for the Latin noun, mensa Table, a table, the table The genitive singular of a 2nd declension noun always ends in I Second declension nouns that end in us are usually what gender? Masculine Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Us nouns with masculine gender Um nouns with neuter gender Verbs have tense personal endings and nouns have case endings. Second declension UM nouns are always _______________. Neuter The declension a noun belongs to is determined by the ________________. Genitive singular. The natural gender rule trumps all other gender rules. What is the neuter rule? Nominative and accusative endings are the same, nominative and accusative plural endings are the same –a Give the four attributes of nouns? Declension, gender number, case. The three genders are: Feminine, masculine, neuter Nouns that name male or female persons or animals have Natural gender Nouns that name non-living things have Grammatical gender Name the cases in order Nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative What is the subject case? Nominative What is the direct object case? Accusative What is the possessive case? Genitive What is the in/by/with/from case? Ablative What is the indirect object case? What is the to/for case? Dative What is the of case? The genitive singular of a first declension noun always end in? Ae First declension nouns are usually what gender? Feminine

The subject and verb must agree in _____________. person and number. What is an adjective? An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. In Latin an adjective must agree with its noun in ____________. Gender, number, case, but not in Declension Usually an adjective of quantity precedes (comes before) a noun and adjective of quality follows the noun. Counting numbers are called ____________. Cardinal Numbers which indicate the order in a series are called _____________. Ordinal What is sentence pattern #3? Subject + linking verb + predicate adjective. What is sentence Pattern #4? Subject + linking verb + predicate nominative.

The genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun always ends in -is How can you name the genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun? You have to memorize it. Masculine and feminine nouns of the third declension have the same case endings. How do you find the stem of a Latin noun? Drop the genitive singular ending. The usual word order for an English sentence is _____________________. subject – verb – direct object How many of the seven basic sentence patterns have complements? six

3rd Declension Case Endings Singular Plural Nominative - -es Genitive -is -um Dative -i -ibus Accusative -em Ablative -e

Vocabulary Canis – dog Crux – cross Lex – law Lux – light Mos – custom Panis – bread Pax – peace Pes – foot Sol – sun Vox – voice Pax Romana – The Roman Peace

Daily Log Decline lex.

Textbook 1. Read pages 58-59 as a class. 2. Workbook page 115 as a class, Word Study and Grammar, numbers 1-5 only.

Day 2

- Recitation Present tense, personal pronoun endings Imperfect tense endings Future tense endings Amo, conjugated, present tense Amo, conjugated, imperfect tense Amo, conjugated, future tense 1st declension endings (feminine) 2nd declension endings, masculine 2nd declension endings, neuter Principal Parts of amo: amo, amare, amavi, amatus Principal Parts of do: do, dare, dedi, datus Principal Parts of sto: sto, stare, steti, status Principal Parts of iuvo: iuvo, iuvare, iuvi, iutus Principal Parts of lavo: lavo, lavare, lavi, lautus

Recitation Give the five vowels in English. Give the five vowels in Latin. Always in Latin the c and the g are pronounced ______. Verb families are called _____. How many conjugations are there? Name them. Give the six attributes of Latin. Give the three grammar persons. The first person is the person _______. The second person is the person _________. The third person is the person ____________. Give the two grammar numbers. ______ & _______. How many Latin tenses are there? ______.

Give the names of the three forms of the English present tense. I praise is the _____ present, I am praising is the _____ present and I do praise is the _______ present. In Latin the imperfect tense means not finished. The imperfect tense sign is ba. The imperfect tense is used to describe an ______ or _______ action in the past. On-going/interrupted What are the English helping verbs of the imperfect tense? Was and were What are two basic parts of a sentence? The subject and the predicate The subject is Who or what the sentence is about The predicate tells What the subject is or does. What is sentence pattern #1? Subject + verb What English helping verb translates the Latin future tense? Will The three tenses that make up the present system are __________. Present, imperfect, future The Present System is built on the present stem.

Recitation What are the Principal Parts and how many are there? The forms that provide the stems needed to conjugate a verb in all its tenses. There are usually four principal parts. What is the name of the second principal part? The infinitive. The infinitive ending for all first conjugation verbs is _____. -are How do you find the present stem? Drop the re from the infinitive. The English infinitive is written with the particle ________ before the verb. To The to be verb shows existence and not action. Give the English forms of the to be verb. Am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been Give the regular endings for the principal parts of 1st conjugation verbs. O, are, avi, atus What is sentence pattern 2? Subject + verb + direct object

Something that completes an action of a verb is a _______. Complement What is the first complement in this text? The complementary infinitive In Latin grammar, perfect means _______. Finished The perfect tense describes what kind of action? A one-time action completed in the past The perfect tense is built on the _______ stem. Perfect How do you find the perfect stem? Drop the I from the third principal part. Give three translations of vocavi. I called, I have called, I did call What English helping verbs translate the perfect tense? Have, has, did The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. Perfect The pluperfect tense describes what kind of past action? An action completed prior to another past action. The future perfect tense is built on the _____ stem. The future perfect tense describes an action in the future completed prior to another action in the future. What English helping verbs translate the future perfect tense? Will and have The future perfect tense endings are identical to the future tense of (sum) except for (3rd person plural). The tenses of the Perfect System are _______________ Perfect, pluperfect, future perfect Verb families are called __________. Conjugations And noun families are called __________. Declensions How many declensions are there? Name them First, second, third, fourth, fifth

Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Three important exceptions to the rule are: Poeta, nauta, agricola Latin does not have the English articles: A, an, the Give three translations for the Latin noun, mensa Table, a table, the table The genitive singular of a 2nd declension noun always ends in I Second declension nouns that end in us are usually what gender? Masculine Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Us nouns with masculine gender Um nouns with neuter gender Verbs have tense personal endings and nouns have case endings. Second declension UM nouns are always _______________. Neuter The declension a noun belongs to is determined by the ________________. Genitive singular. The natural gender rule trumps all other gender rules. What is the neuter rule? Nominative and accusative endings are the same, nominative and accusative plural endings are the same –a Give the four attributes of nouns? Declension, gender number, case. The three genders are: Feminine, masculine, neuter Nouns that name male or female persons or animals have Natural gender Nouns that name non-living things have Grammatical gender Name the cases in order Nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative What is the subject case? Nominative What is the direct object case? Accusative What is the possessive case? Genitive What is the in/by/with/from case? Ablative What is the indirect object case? What is the to/for case? Dative What is the of case? The genitive singular of a first declension noun always end in? Ae First declension nouns are usually what gender? Feminine

The subject and verb must agree in _____________. person and number. What is an adjective? An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. In Latin an adjective must agree with its noun in ____________. Gender, number, case, but not in Declension Usually an adjective of quantity precedes (comes before) a noun and adjective of quality follows the noun. Counting numbers are called ____________. Cardinal Numbers which indicate the order in a series are called _____________. Ordinal What is sentence pattern #3? Subject + linking verb + predicate adjective. What is sentence Pattern #4? Subject + linking verb + predicate nominative.

The genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun always ends in -is How can you name the genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun? You have to memorize it. Masculine and feminine nouns of the third declension have the same case endings. How do you find the stem of a Latin noun? Drop the genitive singular ending. The usual word order for an English sentence is _____________________. subject – verb – direct object How many of the seven basic sentence patterns have complements? six

3rd Declension Case Endings Singular Plural Nominative - -es Genitive -is -um Dative -i -ibus Accusative -em Ablative -e

Vocabulary Canis – dog Crux – cross Lex – law Lux – light Mos – custom Panis – bread Pax – peace Pes – foot Sol – sun Vox – voice Pax Romana – The Roman Peace

Daily Log Look at page 58 in your textbook. Look at the vocabulary. What do you notice about all of the 3rd declension vocabulary that ends in ‘x’? They are feminine in gender. What about rex? Rex is masculine. Rex is masculine because it has ____________ gender. Natural Natural gender trumps all other gender. What can help you remember the gender of third declension nouns? Almost all 3rd declension nouns that end in X are feminine.

Vocabulary Make vocabulary cards or write the vocabulary in your notebook.

On your own - Workbook #6, page 115 and vocabulary.

Day 3

- Recitation Present tense, personal pronoun endings Imperfect tense endings Future tense endings Amo, conjugated, present tense Amo, conjugated, imperfect tense Amo, conjugated, future tense 1st declension endings (feminine) 2nd declension endings, masculine 2nd declension endings, neuter Principal Parts of amo: amo, amare, amavi, amatus Principal Parts of do: do, dare, dedi, datus Principal Parts of sto: sto, stare, steti, status Principal Parts of iuvo: iuvo, iuvare, iuvi, iutus Principal Parts of lavo: lavo, lavare, lavi, lautus

Recitation Give the five vowels in English. Give the five vowels in Latin. Always in Latin the c and the g are pronounced ______. Verb families are called _____. How many conjugations are there? Name them. Give the six attributes of Latin. Give the three grammar persons. The first person is the person _______. The second person is the person _________. The third person is the person ____________. Give the two grammar numbers. ______ & _______. How many Latin tenses are there? ______.

Give the names of the three forms of the English present tense. I praise is the _____ present, I am praising is the _____ present and I do praise is the _______ present. In Latin the imperfect tense means not finished. The imperfect tense sign is ba. The imperfect tense is used to describe an ______ or _______ action in the past. On-going/interrupted What are the English helping verbs of the imperfect tense? Was and were What are two basic parts of a sentence? The subject and the predicate The subject is Who or what the sentence is about The predicate tells What the subject is or does. What is sentence pattern #1? Subject + verb What English helping verb translates the Latin future tense? Will The three tenses that make up the present system are __________. Present, imperfect, future The Present System is built on the present stem.

Recitation What are the Principal Parts and how many are there? The forms that provide the stems needed to conjugate a verb in all its tenses. There are usually four principal parts. What is the name of the second principal part? The infinitive. The infinitive ending for all first conjugation verbs is _____. -are How do you find the present stem? Drop the re from the infinitive. The English infinitive is written with the particle ________ before the verb. To The to be verb shows existence and not action. Give the English forms of the to be verb. Am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been Give the regular endings for the principal parts of 1st conjugation verbs. O, are, avi, atus What is sentence pattern 2? Subject + verb + direct object

Something that completes an action of a verb is a _______. Complement What is the first complement in this text? The complementary infinitive In Latin grammar, perfect means _______. Finished The perfect tense describes what kind of action? A one-time action completed in the past The perfect tense is built on the _______ stem. Perfect How do you find the perfect stem? Drop the I from the third principal part. Give three translations of vocavi. I called, I have called, I did call What English helping verbs translate the perfect tense? Have, has, did The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. Perfect The pluperfect tense describes what kind of past action? An action completed prior to another past action. The future perfect tense is built on the _____ stem. The future perfect tense describes an action in the future completed prior to another action in the future. What English helping verbs translate the future perfect tense? Will and have The future perfect tense endings are identical to the future tense of (sum) except for (3rd person plural). The tenses of the Perfect System are _______________ Perfect, pluperfect, future perfect Verb families are called __________. Conjugations And noun families are called __________. Declensions How many declensions are there? Name them First, second, third, fourth, fifth

Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Three important exceptions to the rule are: Poeta, nauta, agricola Latin does not have the English articles: A, an, the Give three translations for the Latin noun, mensa Table, a table, the table The genitive singular of a 2nd declension noun always ends in I Second declension nouns that end in us are usually what gender? Masculine Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Us nouns with masculine gender Um nouns with neuter gender Verbs have tense personal endings and nouns have case endings. Second declension UM nouns are always _______________. Neuter The declension a noun belongs to is determined by the ________________. Genitive singular. The natural gender rule trumps all other gender rules. What is the neuter rule? Nominative and accusative endings are the same, nominative and accusative plural endings are the same –a Give the four attributes of nouns? Declension, gender number, case. The three genders are: Feminine, masculine, neuter Nouns that name male or female persons or animals have Natural gender Nouns that name non-living things have Grammatical gender Name the cases in order Nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative What is the subject case? Nominative What is the direct object case? Accusative What is the possessive case? Genitive What is the in/by/with/from case? Ablative What is the indirect object case? What is the to/for case? Dative What is the of case? The genitive singular of a first declension noun always end in? Ae First declension nouns are usually what gender? Feminine

The subject and verb must agree in _____________. person and number. What is an adjective? An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. In Latin an adjective must agree with its noun in ____________. Gender, number, case, but not in Declension Usually an adjective of quantity precedes (comes before) a noun and adjective of quality follows the noun. Counting numbers are called ____________. Cardinal Numbers which indicate the order in a series are called _____________. Ordinal What is sentence pattern #3? Subject + linking verb + predicate adjective. What is sentence Pattern #4? Subject + linking verb + predicate nominative.

The genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun always ends in -is How can you name the genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun? You have to memorize it. Masculine and feminine nouns of the third declension have the same case endings. How do you find the stem of a Latin noun? Drop the genitive singular ending. The usual word order for an English sentence is _____________________. subject – verb – direct object How many of the seven basic sentence patterns have complements? six

3rd Declension Case Endings Singular Plural Nominative - -es Genitive -is -um Dative -i -ibus Accusative -em Ablative -e

Vocabulary Canis – dog Crux – cross Lex – law Lux – light Mos – custom Panis – bread Pax – peace Pes – foot Sol – sun Vox – voice Pax Romana – The Roman Peace

Daily log Decline canis.

Workbook Finish page 115 and then go over as a class.

Workbook Do page 116 as a class.

Day 4

- Recitation Present tense, personal pronoun endings Imperfect tense endings Future tense endings Amo, conjugated, present tense Amo, conjugated, imperfect tense Amo, conjugated, future tense 1st declension endings (feminine) 2nd declension endings, masculine 2nd declension endings, neuter Principal Parts of amo: amo, amare, amavi, amatus Principal Parts of do: do, dare, dedi, datus Principal Parts of sto: sto, stare, steti, status Principal Parts of iuvo: iuvo, iuvare, iuvi, iutus Principal Parts of lavo: lavo, lavare, lavi, lautus

Recitation Give the five vowels in English. Give the five vowels in Latin. Always in Latin the c and the g are pronounced ______. Verb families are called _____. How many conjugations are there? Name them. Give the six attributes of Latin. Give the three grammar persons. The first person is the person _______. The second person is the person _________. The third person is the person ____________. Give the two grammar numbers. ______ & _______. How many Latin tenses are there? ______.

Give the names of the three forms of the English present tense. I praise is the _____ present, I am praising is the _____ present and I do praise is the _______ present. In Latin the imperfect tense means not finished. The imperfect tense sign is ba. The imperfect tense is used to describe an ______ or _______ action in the past. On-going/interrupted What are the English helping verbs of the imperfect tense? Was and were What are two basic parts of a sentence? The subject and the predicate The subject is Who or what the sentence is about The predicate tells What the subject is or does. What is sentence pattern #1? Subject + verb What English helping verb translates the Latin future tense? Will The three tenses that make up the present system are __________. Present, imperfect, future The Present System is built on the present stem.

Recitation What are the Principal Parts and how many are there? The forms that provide the stems needed to conjugate a verb in all its tenses. There are usually four principal parts. What is the name of the second principal part? The infinitive. The infinitive ending for all first conjugation verbs is _____. -are How do you find the present stem? Drop the re from the infinitive. The English infinitive is written with the particle ________ before the verb. To The to be verb shows existence and not action. Give the English forms of the to be verb. Am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been Give the regular endings for the principal parts of 1st conjugation verbs. O, are, avi, atus What is sentence pattern 2? Subject + verb + direct object

Something that completes an action of a verb is a _______. Complement What is the first complement in this text? The complementary infinitive In Latin grammar, perfect means _______. Finished The perfect tense describes what kind of action? A one-time action completed in the past The perfect tense is built on the _______ stem. Perfect How do you find the perfect stem? Drop the I from the third principal part. Give three translations of vocavi. I called, I have called, I did call What English helping verbs translate the perfect tense? Have, has, did The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. Perfect The pluperfect tense describes what kind of past action? An action completed prior to another past action. The future perfect tense is built on the _____ stem. The future perfect tense describes an action in the future completed prior to another action in the future. What English helping verbs translate the future perfect tense? Will and have The future perfect tense endings are identical to the future tense of (sum) except for (3rd person plural). The tenses of the Perfect System are _______________ Perfect, pluperfect, future perfect Verb families are called __________. Conjugations And noun families are called __________. Declensions How many declensions are there? Name them First, second, third, fourth, fifth

Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Three important exceptions to the rule are: Poeta, nauta, agricola Latin does not have the English articles: A, an, the Give three translations for the Latin noun, mensa Table, a table, the table The genitive singular of a 2nd declension noun always ends in I Second declension nouns that end in us are usually what gender? Masculine Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Us nouns with masculine gender Um nouns with neuter gender Verbs have tense personal endings and nouns have case endings. Second declension UM nouns are always _______________. Neuter The declension a noun belongs to is determined by the ________________. Genitive singular. The natural gender rule trumps all other gender rules. What is the neuter rule? Nominative and accusative endings are the same, nominative and accusative plural endings are the same –a Give the four attributes of nouns? Declension, gender number, case. The three genders are: Feminine, masculine, neuter Nouns that name male or female persons or animals have Natural gender Nouns that name non-living things have Grammatical gender Name the cases in order Nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative What is the subject case? Nominative What is the direct object case? Accusative What is the possessive case? Genitive What is the in/by/with/from case? Ablative What is the indirect object case? What is the to/for case? Dative What is the of case? The genitive singular of a first declension noun always end in? Ae First declension nouns are usually what gender? Feminine

The subject and verb must agree in _____________. person and number. What is an adjective? An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. In Latin an adjective must agree with its noun in ____________. Gender, number, case, but not in Declension Usually an adjective of quantity precedes (comes before) a noun and adjective of quality follows the noun. Counting numbers are called ____________. Cardinal Numbers which indicate the order in a series are called _____________. Ordinal What is sentence pattern #3? Subject + linking verb + predicate adjective. What is sentence Pattern #4? Subject + linking verb + predicate nominative.

The genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun always ends in -is How can you name the genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun? You have to memorize it. Masculine and feminine nouns of the third declension have the same case endings. How do you find the stem of a Latin noun? Drop the genitive singular ending. The usual word order for an English sentence is _____________________. subject – verb – direct object How many of the seven basic sentence patterns have complements? six

3rd Declension Case Endings Singular Plural Nominative - -es Genitive -is -um Dative -i -ibus Accusative -em Ablative -e

Vocabulary Canis – dog Crux – cross Lex – law Lux – light Mos – custom Panis – bread Pax – peace Pes – foot Sol – sun Vox – voice Pax Romana – The Roman Peace

Daily Log Decline vox.

Workbook Page 117 as a class.

Day 5

- Recitation Present tense, personal pronoun endings Imperfect tense endings Future tense endings Amo, conjugated, present tense Amo, conjugated, imperfect tense Amo, conjugated, future tense 1st declension endings (feminine) 2nd declension endings, masculine 2nd declension endings, neuter Principal Parts of amo: amo, amare, amavi, amatus Principal Parts of do: do, dare, dedi, datus Principal Parts of sto: sto, stare, steti, status Principal Parts of iuvo: iuvo, iuvare, iuvi, iutus Principal Parts of lavo: lavo, lavare, lavi, lautus

Recitation Give the five vowels in English. Give the five vowels in Latin. Always in Latin the c and the g are pronounced ______. Verb families are called _____. How many conjugations are there? Name them. Give the six attributes of Latin. Give the three grammar persons. The first person is the person _______. The second person is the person _________. The third person is the person ____________. Give the two grammar numbers. ______ & _______. How many Latin tenses are there? ______.

Give the names of the three forms of the English present tense. I praise is the _____ present, I am praising is the _____ present and I do praise is the _______ present. In Latin the imperfect tense means not finished. The imperfect tense sign is ba. The imperfect tense is used to describe an ______ or _______ action in the past. On-going/interrupted What are the English helping verbs of the imperfect tense? Was and were What are two basic parts of a sentence? The subject and the predicate The subject is Who or what the sentence is about The predicate tells What the subject is or does. What is sentence pattern #1? Subject + verb What English helping verb translates the Latin future tense? Will The three tenses that make up the present system are __________. Present, imperfect, future The Present System is built on the present stem.

Recitation What are the Principal Parts and how many are there? The forms that provide the stems needed to conjugate a verb in all its tenses. There are usually four principal parts. What is the name of the second principal part? The infinitive. The infinitive ending for all first conjugation verbs is _____. -are How do you find the present stem? Drop the re from the infinitive. The English infinitive is written with the particle ________ before the verb. To The to be verb shows existence and not action. Give the English forms of the to be verb. Am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been Give the regular endings for the principal parts of 1st conjugation verbs. O, are, avi, atus What is sentence pattern 2? Subject + verb + direct object

Something that completes an action of a verb is a _______. Complement What is the first complement in this text? The complementary infinitive In Latin grammar, perfect means _______. Finished The perfect tense describes what kind of action? A one-time action completed in the past The perfect tense is built on the _______ stem. Perfect How do you find the perfect stem? Drop the I from the third principal part. Give three translations of vocavi. I called, I have called, I did call What English helping verbs translate the perfect tense? Have, has, did The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. Perfect The pluperfect tense describes what kind of past action? An action completed prior to another past action. The future perfect tense is built on the _____ stem. The future perfect tense describes an action in the future completed prior to another action in the future. What English helping verbs translate the future perfect tense? Will and have The future perfect tense endings are identical to the future tense of (sum) except for (3rd person plural). The tenses of the Perfect System are _______________ Perfect, pluperfect, future perfect Verb families are called __________. Conjugations And noun families are called __________. Declensions How many declensions are there? Name them First, second, third, fourth, fifth

Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Three important exceptions to the rule are: Poeta, nauta, agricola Latin does not have the English articles: A, an, the Give three translations for the Latin noun, mensa Table, a table, the table The genitive singular of a 2nd declension noun always ends in I Second declension nouns that end in us are usually what gender? Masculine Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Us nouns with masculine gender Um nouns with neuter gender Verbs have tense personal endings and nouns have case endings. Second declension UM nouns are always _______________. Neuter The declension a noun belongs to is determined by the ________________. Genitive singular. The natural gender rule trumps all other gender rules. What is the neuter rule? Nominative and accusative endings are the same, nominative and accusative plural endings are the same –a Give the four attributes of nouns? Declension, gender number, case. The three genders are: Feminine, masculine, neuter Nouns that name male or female persons or animals have Natural gender Nouns that name non-living things have Grammatical gender Name the cases in order Nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative What is the subject case? Nominative What is the direct object case? Accusative What is the possessive case? Genitive What is the in/by/with/from case? Ablative What is the indirect object case? What is the to/for case? Dative What is the of case? The genitive singular of a first declension noun always end in? Ae First declension nouns are usually what gender? Feminine

The subject and verb must agree in _____________. person and number. What is an adjective? An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. In Latin an adjective must agree with its noun in ____________. Gender, number, case, but not in Declension Usually an adjective of quantity precedes (comes before) a noun and adjective of quality follows the noun. Counting numbers are called ____________. Cardinal Numbers which indicate the order in a series are called _____________. Ordinal What is sentence pattern #3? Subject + linking verb + predicate adjective. What is sentence Pattern #4? Subject + linking verb + predicate nominative.

The genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun always ends in -is How can you name the genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun? You have to memorize it. Masculine and feminine nouns of the third declension have the same case endings. How do you find the stem of a Latin noun? Drop the genitive singular ending. The usual word order for an English sentence is _____________________. subject – verb – direct object How many of the seven basic sentence patterns have complements? six

3rd Declension Case Endings Singular Plural Nominative - -es Genitive -is -um Dative -i -ibus Accusative -em Ablative -e

Vocabulary Canis – dog Crux – cross Lex – law Lux – light Mos – custom Panis – bread Pax – peace Pes – foot Sol – sun Vox – voice Pax Romana – The Roman Peace

Daily Log Decline sol.

Workbook Page 118 as a class.

Day 6

- Recitation Present tense, personal pronoun endings Imperfect tense endings Future tense endings Amo, conjugated, present tense Amo, conjugated, imperfect tense Amo, conjugated, future tense 1st declension endings (feminine) 2nd declension endings, masculine 2nd declension endings, neuter Principal Parts of amo: amo, amare, amavi, amatus Principal Parts of do: do, dare, dedi, datus Principal Parts of sto: sto, stare, steti, status Principal Parts of iuvo: iuvo, iuvare, iuvi, iutus Principal Parts of lavo: lavo, lavare, lavi, lautus

Recitation Give the five vowels in English. Give the five vowels in Latin. Always in Latin the c and the g are pronounced ______. Verb families are called _____. How many conjugations are there? Name them. Give the six attributes of Latin. Give the three grammar persons. The first person is the person _______. The second person is the person _________. The third person is the person ____________. Give the two grammar numbers. ______ & _______. How many Latin tenses are there? ______.

Give the names of the three forms of the English present tense. I praise is the _____ present, I am praising is the _____ present and I do praise is the _______ present. In Latin the imperfect tense means not finished. The imperfect tense sign is ba. The imperfect tense is used to describe an ______ or _______ action in the past. On-going/interrupted What are the English helping verbs of the imperfect tense? Was and were What are two basic parts of a sentence? The subject and the predicate The subject is Who or what the sentence is about The predicate tells What the subject is or does. What is sentence pattern #1? Subject + verb What English helping verb translates the Latin future tense? Will The three tenses that make up the present system are __________. Present, imperfect, future The Present System is built on the present stem.

Recitation What are the Principal Parts and how many are there? The forms that provide the stems needed to conjugate a verb in all its tenses. There are usually four principal parts. What is the name of the second principal part? The infinitive. The infinitive ending for all first conjugation verbs is _____. -are How do you find the present stem? Drop the re from the infinitive. The English infinitive is written with the particle ________ before the verb. To The to be verb shows existence and not action. Give the English forms of the to be verb. Am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been Give the regular endings for the principal parts of 1st conjugation verbs. O, are, avi, atus What is sentence pattern 2? Subject + verb + direct object

Something that completes an action of a verb is a _______. Complement What is the first complement in this text? The complementary infinitive In Latin grammar, perfect means _______. Finished The perfect tense describes what kind of action? A one-time action completed in the past The perfect tense is built on the _______ stem. Perfect How do you find the perfect stem? Drop the I from the third principal part. Give three translations of vocavi. I called, I have called, I did call What English helping verbs translate the perfect tense? Have, has, did The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. Perfect The pluperfect tense describes what kind of past action? An action completed prior to another past action. The future perfect tense is built on the _____ stem. The future perfect tense describes an action in the future completed prior to another action in the future. What English helping verbs translate the future perfect tense? Will and have The future perfect tense endings are identical to the future tense of (sum) except for (3rd person plural). The tenses of the Perfect System are _______________ Perfect, pluperfect, future perfect Verb families are called __________. Conjugations And noun families are called __________. Declensions How many declensions are there? Name them First, second, third, fourth, fifth

Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Three important exceptions to the rule are: Poeta, nauta, agricola Latin does not have the English articles: A, an, the Give three translations for the Latin noun, mensa Table, a table, the table The genitive singular of a 2nd declension noun always ends in I Second declension nouns that end in us are usually what gender? Masculine Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Us nouns with masculine gender Um nouns with neuter gender Verbs have tense personal endings and nouns have case endings. Second declension UM nouns are always _______________. Neuter The declension a noun belongs to is determined by the ________________. Genitive singular. The natural gender rule trumps all other gender rules. What is the neuter rule? Nominative and accusative endings are the same, nominative and accusative plural endings are the same –a Give the four attributes of nouns? Declension, gender number, case. The three genders are: Feminine, masculine, neuter Nouns that name male or female persons or animals have Natural gender Nouns that name non-living things have Grammatical gender Name the cases in order Nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative What is the subject case? Nominative What is the direct object case? Accusative What is the possessive case? Genitive What is the in/by/with/from case? Ablative What is the indirect object case? What is the to/for case? Dative What is the of case? The genitive singular of a first declension noun always end in? Ae First declension nouns are usually what gender? Feminine

The subject and verb must agree in _____________. person and number. What is an adjective? An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. In Latin an adjective must agree with its noun in ____________. Gender, number, case, but not in Declension Usually an adjective of quantity precedes (comes before) a noun and adjective of quality follows the noun. Counting numbers are called ____________. Cardinal Numbers which indicate the order in a series are called _____________. Ordinal What is sentence pattern #3? Subject + linking verb + predicate adjective. What is sentence Pattern #4? Subject + linking verb + predicate nominative.

The genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun always ends in -is How can you name the genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun? You have to memorize it. Masculine and feminine nouns of the third declension have the same case endings. How do you find the stem of a Latin noun? Drop the genitive singular ending. The usual word order for an English sentence is _____________________. subject – verb – direct object How many of the seven basic sentence patterns have complements? six

3rd Declension Case Endings Singular Plural Nominative - -es Genitive -is -um Dative -i -ibus Accusative -em Ablative -e

Vocabulary Canis – dog Crux – cross Lex – law Lux – light Mos – custom Panis – bread Pax – peace Pes – foot Sol – sun Vox – voice Pax Romana – The Roman Peace

Daily Log Decline pes.

Workbook Page 119 as a class.

Day 7

- Recitation Present tense, personal pronoun endings Imperfect tense endings Future tense endings Amo, conjugated, present tense Amo, conjugated, imperfect tense Amo, conjugated, future tense 1st declension endings (feminine) 2nd declension endings, masculine 2nd declension endings, neuter Principal Parts of amo: amo, amare, amavi, amatus Principal Parts of do: do, dare, dedi, datus Principal Parts of sto: sto, stare, steti, status Principal Parts of iuvo: iuvo, iuvare, iuvi, iutus Principal Parts of lavo: lavo, lavare, lavi, lautus

Recitation Give the five vowels in English. Give the five vowels in Latin. Always in Latin the c and the g are pronounced ______. Verb families are called _____. How many conjugations are there? Name them. Give the six attributes of Latin. Give the three grammar persons. The first person is the person _______. The second person is the person _________. The third person is the person ____________. Give the two grammar numbers. ______ & _______. How many Latin tenses are there? ______.

Give the names of the three forms of the English present tense. I praise is the _____ present, I am praising is the _____ present and I do praise is the _______ present. In Latin the imperfect tense means not finished. The imperfect tense sign is ba. The imperfect tense is used to describe an ______ or _______ action in the past. On-going/interrupted What are the English helping verbs of the imperfect tense? Was and were What are two basic parts of a sentence? The subject and the predicate The subject is Who or what the sentence is about The predicate tells What the subject is or does. What is sentence pattern #1? Subject + verb What English helping verb translates the Latin future tense? Will The three tenses that make up the present system are __________. Present, imperfect, future The Present System is built on the present stem.

Recitation What are the Principal Parts and how many are there? The forms that provide the stems needed to conjugate a verb in all its tenses. There are usually four principal parts. What is the name of the second principal part? The infinitive. The infinitive ending for all first conjugation verbs is _____. -are How do you find the present stem? Drop the re from the infinitive. The English infinitive is written with the particle ________ before the verb. To The to be verb shows existence and not action. Give the English forms of the to be verb. Am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been Give the regular endings for the principal parts of 1st conjugation verbs. O, are, avi, atus What is sentence pattern 2? Subject + verb + direct object

Something that completes an action of a verb is a _______. Complement What is the first complement in this text? The complementary infinitive In Latin grammar, perfect means _______. Finished The perfect tense describes what kind of action? A one-time action completed in the past The perfect tense is built on the _______ stem. Perfect How do you find the perfect stem? Drop the I from the third principal part. Give three translations of vocavi. I called, I have called, I did call What English helping verbs translate the perfect tense? Have, has, did The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. Perfect The pluperfect tense describes what kind of past action? An action completed prior to another past action. The future perfect tense is built on the _____ stem. The future perfect tense describes an action in the future completed prior to another action in the future. What English helping verbs translate the future perfect tense? Will and have The future perfect tense endings are identical to the future tense of (sum) except for (3rd person plural). The tenses of the Perfect System are _______________ Perfect, pluperfect, future perfect Verb families are called __________. Conjugations And noun families are called __________. Declensions How many declensions are there? Name them First, second, third, fourth, fifth

Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Three important exceptions to the rule are: Poeta, nauta, agricola Latin does not have the English articles: A, an, the Give three translations for the Latin noun, mensa Table, a table, the table The genitive singular of a 2nd declension noun always ends in I Second declension nouns that end in us are usually what gender? Masculine Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Us nouns with masculine gender Um nouns with neuter gender Verbs have tense personal endings and nouns have case endings. Second declension UM nouns are always _______________. Neuter The declension a noun belongs to is determined by the ________________. Genitive singular. The natural gender rule trumps all other gender rules. What is the neuter rule? Nominative and accusative endings are the same, nominative and accusative plural endings are the same –a Give the four attributes of nouns? Declension, gender number, case. The three genders are: Feminine, masculine, neuter Nouns that name male or female persons or animals have Natural gender Nouns that name non-living things have Grammatical gender Name the cases in order Nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative What is the subject case? Nominative What is the direct object case? Accusative What is the possessive case? Genitive What is the in/by/with/from case? Ablative What is the indirect object case? What is the to/for case? Dative What is the of case? The genitive singular of a first declension noun always end in? Ae First declension nouns are usually what gender? Feminine

The subject and verb must agree in _____________. person and number. What is an adjective? An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. In Latin an adjective must agree with its noun in ____________. Gender, number, case, but not in Declension Usually an adjective of quantity precedes (comes before) a noun and adjective of quality follows the noun. Counting numbers are called ____________. Cardinal Numbers which indicate the order in a series are called _____________. Ordinal What is sentence pattern #3? Subject + linking verb + predicate adjective. What is sentence Pattern #4? Subject + linking verb + predicate nominative.

The genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun always ends in -is How can you name the genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun? You have to memorize it. Masculine and feminine nouns of the third declension have the same case endings. How do you find the stem of a Latin noun? Drop the genitive singular ending. The usual word order for an English sentence is _____________________. subject – verb – direct object How many of the seven basic sentence patterns have complements? six

3rd Declension Case Endings Singular Plural Nominative - -es Genitive -is -um Dative -i -ibus Accusative -em Ablative -e

Vocabulary Canis – dog Crux – cross Lex – law Lux – light Mos – custom Panis – bread Pax – peace Pes – foot Sol – sun Vox – voice Pax Romana – The Roman Peace

Daily Log Decline lux.

Workbook Page 119 as a class.

Day 8

- Recitation Present tense, personal pronoun endings Imperfect tense endings Future tense endings Amo, conjugated, present tense Amo, conjugated, imperfect tense Amo, conjugated, future tense 1st declension endings (feminine) 2nd declension endings, masculine 2nd declension endings, neuter Principal Parts of amo: amo, amare, amavi, amatus Principal Parts of do: do, dare, dedi, datus Principal Parts of sto: sto, stare, steti, status Principal Parts of iuvo: iuvo, iuvare, iuvi, iutus Principal Parts of lavo: lavo, lavare, lavi, lautus

Recitation Give the five vowels in English. Give the five vowels in Latin. Always in Latin the c and the g are pronounced ______. Verb families are called _____. How many conjugations are there? Name them. Give the six attributes of Latin. Give the three grammar persons. The first person is the person _______. The second person is the person _________. The third person is the person ____________. Give the two grammar numbers. ______ & _______. How many Latin tenses are there? ______.

Give the names of the three forms of the English present tense. I praise is the _____ present, I am praising is the _____ present and I do praise is the _______ present. In Latin the imperfect tense means not finished. The imperfect tense sign is ba. The imperfect tense is used to describe an ______ or _______ action in the past. On-going/interrupted What are the English helping verbs of the imperfect tense? Was and were What are two basic parts of a sentence? The subject and the predicate The subject is Who or what the sentence is about The predicate tells What the subject is or does. What is sentence pattern #1? Subject + verb What English helping verb translates the Latin future tense? Will The three tenses that make up the present system are __________. Present, imperfect, future The Present System is built on the present stem.

Recitation What are the Principal Parts and how many are there? The forms that provide the stems needed to conjugate a verb in all its tenses. There are usually four principal parts. What is the name of the second principal part? The infinitive. The infinitive ending for all first conjugation verbs is _____. -are How do you find the present stem? Drop the re from the infinitive. The English infinitive is written with the particle ________ before the verb. To The to be verb shows existence and not action. Give the English forms of the to be verb. Am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been Give the regular endings for the principal parts of 1st conjugation verbs. O, are, avi, atus What is sentence pattern 2? Subject + verb + direct object

Something that completes an action of a verb is a _______. Complement What is the first complement in this text? The complementary infinitive In Latin grammar, perfect means _______. Finished The perfect tense describes what kind of action? A one-time action completed in the past The perfect tense is built on the _______ stem. Perfect How do you find the perfect stem? Drop the I from the third principal part. Give three translations of vocavi. I called, I have called, I did call What English helping verbs translate the perfect tense? Have, has, did The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. Perfect The pluperfect tense describes what kind of past action? An action completed prior to another past action. The future perfect tense is built on the _____ stem. The future perfect tense describes an action in the future completed prior to another action in the future. What English helping verbs translate the future perfect tense? Will and have The future perfect tense endings are identical to the future tense of (sum) except for (3rd person plural). The tenses of the Perfect System are _______________ Perfect, pluperfect, future perfect Verb families are called __________. Conjugations And noun families are called __________. Declensions How many declensions are there? Name them First, second, third, fourth, fifth

Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Three important exceptions to the rule are: Poeta, nauta, agricola Latin does not have the English articles: A, an, the Give three translations for the Latin noun, mensa Table, a table, the table The genitive singular of a 2nd declension noun always ends in I Second declension nouns that end in us are usually what gender? Masculine Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Us nouns with masculine gender Um nouns with neuter gender Verbs have tense personal endings and nouns have case endings. Second declension UM nouns are always _______________. Neuter The declension a noun belongs to is determined by the ________________. Genitive singular. The natural gender rule trumps all other gender rules. What is the neuter rule? Nominative and accusative endings are the same, nominative and accusative plural endings are the same –a Give the four attributes of nouns? Declension, gender number, case. The three genders are: Feminine, masculine, neuter Nouns that name male or female persons or animals have Natural gender Nouns that name non-living things have Grammatical gender Name the cases in order Nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative What is the subject case? Nominative What is the direct object case? Accusative What is the possessive case? Genitive What is the in/by/with/from case? Ablative What is the indirect object case? What is the to/for case? Dative What is the of case? The genitive singular of a first declension noun always end in? Ae First declension nouns are usually what gender? Feminine

The subject and verb must agree in _____________. person and number. What is an adjective? An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. In Latin an adjective must agree with its noun in ____________. Gender, number, case, but not in Declension Usually an adjective of quantity precedes (comes before) a noun and adjective of quality follows the noun. Counting numbers are called ____________. Cardinal Numbers which indicate the order in a series are called _____________. Ordinal What is sentence pattern #3? Subject + linking verb + predicate adjective. What is sentence Pattern #4? Subject + linking verb + predicate nominative.

The genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun always ends in -is How can you name the genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun? You have to memorize it. Masculine and feminine nouns of the third declension have the same case endings. How do you find the stem of a Latin noun? Drop the genitive singular ending. The usual word order for an English sentence is _____________________. subject – verb – direct object How many of the seven basic sentence patterns have complements? six

3rd Declension Case Endings Singular Plural Nominative - -es Genitive -is -um Dative -i -ibus Accusative -em Ablative -e

Vocabulary Canis – dog Crux – cross Lex – law Lux – light Mos – custom Panis – bread Pax – peace Pes – foot Sol – sun Vox – voice Pax Romana – The Roman Peace

Daily Log Decline mos.

Pax Romana Look at the map on page 59 of your text book again. What continents were part of the Roman Empire? What sea did the Roman Empire surround? Why was this time period called the Pax Romana?

Pax Romana Watch this short video about the Pax Romana. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BMEFK_wjHMY

Oral Drill Page 111 with a partner and then with the teacher.

Day 9

- Recitation Present tense, personal pronoun endings Imperfect tense endings Future tense endings Amo, conjugated, present tense Amo, conjugated, imperfect tense Amo, conjugated, future tense 1st declension endings (feminine) 2nd declension endings, masculine 2nd declension endings, neuter Principal Parts of amo: amo, amare, amavi, amatus Principal Parts of do: do, dare, dedi, datus Principal Parts of sto: sto, stare, steti, status Principal Parts of iuvo: iuvo, iuvare, iuvi, iutus Principal Parts of lavo: lavo, lavare, lavi, lautus

Recitation Give the five vowels in English. Give the five vowels in Latin. Always in Latin the c and the g are pronounced ______. Verb families are called _____. How many conjugations are there? Name them. Give the six attributes of Latin. Give the three grammar persons. The first person is the person _______. The second person is the person _________. The third person is the person ____________. Give the two grammar numbers. ______ & _______. How many Latin tenses are there? ______.

Give the names of the three forms of the English present tense. I praise is the _____ present, I am praising is the _____ present and I do praise is the _______ present. In Latin the imperfect tense means not finished. The imperfect tense sign is ba. The imperfect tense is used to describe an ______ or _______ action in the past. On-going/interrupted What are the English helping verbs of the imperfect tense? Was and were What are two basic parts of a sentence? The subject and the predicate The subject is Who or what the sentence is about The predicate tells What the subject is or does. What is sentence pattern #1? Subject + verb What English helping verb translates the Latin future tense? Will The three tenses that make up the present system are __________. Present, imperfect, future The Present System is built on the present stem.

Recitation What are the Principal Parts and how many are there? The forms that provide the stems needed to conjugate a verb in all its tenses. There are usually four principal parts. What is the name of the second principal part? The infinitive. The infinitive ending for all first conjugation verbs is _____. -are How do you find the present stem? Drop the re from the infinitive. The English infinitive is written with the particle ________ before the verb. To The to be verb shows existence and not action. Give the English forms of the to be verb. Am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been Give the regular endings for the principal parts of 1st conjugation verbs. O, are, avi, atus What is sentence pattern 2? Subject + verb + direct object

Something that completes an action of a verb is a _______. Complement What is the first complement in this text? The complementary infinitive In Latin grammar, perfect means _______. Finished The perfect tense describes what kind of action? A one-time action completed in the past The perfect tense is built on the _______ stem. Perfect How do you find the perfect stem? Drop the I from the third principal part. Give three translations of vocavi. I called, I have called, I did call What English helping verbs translate the perfect tense? Have, has, did The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. Perfect The pluperfect tense describes what kind of past action? An action completed prior to another past action. The future perfect tense is built on the _____ stem. The future perfect tense describes an action in the future completed prior to another action in the future. What English helping verbs translate the future perfect tense? Will and have The future perfect tense endings are identical to the future tense of (sum) except for (3rd person plural). The tenses of the Perfect System are _______________ Perfect, pluperfect, future perfect Verb families are called __________. Conjugations And noun families are called __________. Declensions How many declensions are there? Name them First, second, third, fourth, fifth

Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Three important exceptions to the rule are: Poeta, nauta, agricola Latin does not have the English articles: A, an, the Give three translations for the Latin noun, mensa Table, a table, the table The genitive singular of a 2nd declension noun always ends in I Second declension nouns that end in us are usually what gender? Masculine Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Us nouns with masculine gender Um nouns with neuter gender Verbs have tense personal endings and nouns have case endings. Second declension UM nouns are always _______________. Neuter The declension a noun belongs to is determined by the ________________. Genitive singular. The natural gender rule trumps all other gender rules. What is the neuter rule? Nominative and accusative endings are the same, nominative and accusative plural endings are the same –a Give the four attributes of nouns? Declension, gender number, case. The three genders are: Feminine, masculine, neuter Nouns that name male or female persons or animals have Natural gender Nouns that name non-living things have Grammatical gender Name the cases in order Nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative What is the subject case? Nominative What is the direct object case? Accusative What is the possessive case? Genitive What is the in/by/with/from case? Ablative What is the indirect object case? What is the to/for case? Dative What is the of case? The genitive singular of a first declension noun always end in? Ae First declension nouns are usually what gender? Feminine

The subject and verb must agree in _____________. person and number. What is an adjective? An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. In Latin an adjective must agree with its noun in ____________. Gender, number, case, but not in Declension Usually an adjective of quantity precedes (comes before) a noun and adjective of quality follows the noun. Counting numbers are called ____________. Cardinal Numbers which indicate the order in a series are called _____________. Ordinal What is sentence pattern #3? Subject + linking verb + predicate adjective. What is sentence Pattern #4? Subject + linking verb + predicate nominative.

The genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun always ends in -is How can you name the genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun? You have to memorize it. Masculine and feminine nouns of the third declension have the same case endings. How do you find the stem of a Latin noun? Drop the genitive singular ending. The usual word order for an English sentence is _____________________. subject – verb – direct object How many of the seven basic sentence patterns have complements? six

3rd Declension Case Endings Singular Plural Nominative - -es Genitive -is -um Dative -i -ibus Accusative -em Ablative -e

Vocabulary Canis – dog Crux – cross Lex – law Lux – light Mos – custom Panis – bread Pax – peace Pes – foot Sol – sun Vox – voice Pax Romana – The Roman Peace

Game Day!

Day 10

- Recitation Present tense, personal pronoun endings Imperfect tense endings Future tense endings Amo, conjugated, present tense Amo, conjugated, imperfect tense Amo, conjugated, future tense 1st declension endings (feminine) 2nd declension endings, masculine 2nd declension endings, neuter Principal Parts of amo: amo, amare, amavi, amatus Principal Parts of do: do, dare, dedi, datus Principal Parts of sto: sto, stare, steti, status Principal Parts of iuvo: iuvo, iuvare, iuvi, iutus Principal Parts of lavo: lavo, lavare, lavi, lautus

Recitation Give the five vowels in English. Give the five vowels in Latin. Always in Latin the c and the g are pronounced ______. Verb families are called _____. How many conjugations are there? Name them. Give the six attributes of Latin. Give the three grammar persons. The first person is the person _______. The second person is the person _________. The third person is the person ____________. Give the two grammar numbers. ______ & _______. How many Latin tenses are there? ______.

Give the names of the three forms of the English present tense. I praise is the _____ present, I am praising is the _____ present and I do praise is the _______ present. In Latin the imperfect tense means not finished. The imperfect tense sign is ba. The imperfect tense is used to describe an ______ or _______ action in the past. On-going/interrupted What are the English helping verbs of the imperfect tense? Was and were What are two basic parts of a sentence? The subject and the predicate The subject is Who or what the sentence is about The predicate tells What the subject is or does. What is sentence pattern #1? Subject + verb What English helping verb translates the Latin future tense? Will The three tenses that make up the present system are __________. Present, imperfect, future The Present System is built on the present stem.

Recitation What are the Principal Parts and how many are there? The forms that provide the stems needed to conjugate a verb in all its tenses. There are usually four principal parts. What is the name of the second principal part? The infinitive. The infinitive ending for all first conjugation verbs is _____. -are How do you find the present stem? Drop the re from the infinitive. The English infinitive is written with the particle ________ before the verb. To The to be verb shows existence and not action. Give the English forms of the to be verb. Am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been Give the regular endings for the principal parts of 1st conjugation verbs. O, are, avi, atus What is sentence pattern 2? Subject + verb + direct object

Something that completes an action of a verb is a _______. Complement What is the first complement in this text? The complementary infinitive In Latin grammar, perfect means _______. Finished The perfect tense describes what kind of action? A one-time action completed in the past The perfect tense is built on the _______ stem. Perfect How do you find the perfect stem? Drop the I from the third principal part. Give three translations of vocavi. I called, I have called, I did call What English helping verbs translate the perfect tense? Have, has, did The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. The pluperfect tense is built on the ________ stem. Perfect The pluperfect tense describes what kind of past action? An action completed prior to another past action. The future perfect tense is built on the _____ stem. The future perfect tense describes an action in the future completed prior to another action in the future. What English helping verbs translate the future perfect tense? Will and have The future perfect tense endings are identical to the future tense of (sum) except for (3rd person plural). The tenses of the Perfect System are _______________ Perfect, pluperfect, future perfect Verb families are called __________. Conjugations And noun families are called __________. Declensions How many declensions are there? Name them First, second, third, fourth, fifth

Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Three important exceptions to the rule are: Poeta, nauta, agricola Latin does not have the English articles: A, an, the Give three translations for the Latin noun, mensa Table, a table, the table The genitive singular of a 2nd declension noun always ends in I Second declension nouns that end in us are usually what gender? Masculine Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender: Us nouns with masculine gender Um nouns with neuter gender Verbs have tense personal endings and nouns have case endings. Second declension UM nouns are always _______________. Neuter The declension a noun belongs to is determined by the ________________. Genitive singular. The natural gender rule trumps all other gender rules. What is the neuter rule? Nominative and accusative endings are the same, nominative and accusative plural endings are the same –a Give the four attributes of nouns? Declension, gender number, case. The three genders are: Feminine, masculine, neuter Nouns that name male or female persons or animals have Natural gender Nouns that name non-living things have Grammatical gender Name the cases in order Nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative What is the subject case? Nominative What is the direct object case? Accusative What is the possessive case? Genitive What is the in/by/with/from case? Ablative What is the indirect object case? What is the to/for case? Dative What is the of case? The genitive singular of a first declension noun always end in? Ae First declension nouns are usually what gender? Feminine

The subject and verb must agree in _____________. person and number. What is an adjective? An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. In Latin an adjective must agree with its noun in ____________. Gender, number, case, but not in Declension Usually an adjective of quantity precedes (comes before) a noun and adjective of quality follows the noun. Counting numbers are called ____________. Cardinal Numbers which indicate the order in a series are called _____________. Ordinal What is sentence pattern #3? Subject + linking verb + predicate adjective. What is sentence Pattern #4? Subject + linking verb + predicate nominative.

The genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun always ends in -is How can you name the genitive singular of a 3rd declension noun? You have to memorize it. Masculine and feminine nouns of the third declension have the same case endings. How do you find the stem of a Latin noun? Drop the genitive singular ending. The usual word order for an English sentence is _____________________. subject – verb – direct object How many of the seven basic sentence patterns have complements? six

3rd Declension Case Endings Singular Plural Nominative - -es Genitive -is -um Dative -i -ibus Accusative -em Ablative -e

Vocabulary Canis – dog Crux – cross Lex – law Lux – light Mos – custom Panis – bread Pax – peace Pes – foot Sol – sun Vox – voice Pax Romana – The Roman Peace

Quiz Lesson XXII